Essay about Men and Women Equality in Sports - 903 Words

Men and Women: Equality in Sports Many of the pre-existing womens sports organizations such as Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW), Fà ©dà ©ration Sportive Fà ©minine Internationale (FSFI), and American Basketball League (ABL) have been the casualties of male dominated sports structure. These organizations merged or dissolved as other male dominated institutions began to include womens competitive sports. The NCAA saw the potential for additional revenue as the AIAW grew. Rather than lose significant financial resources the NCAA insisted that its member institutions offer women championships. This meant that both mens and womens programs had to be included in member institution or not be recognized by the NCAA. As†¦show more content†¦With an audience of 20,000 for the closing stages the International Olympic Committee took note and voted to allow women to compete in 5 of 10 sports, suggested by the FSFI, at the 1928 Summer Olympic Games (Hult 87). The 1928 Games had reduced events, and opportunities, which meant that womens leadership were reduced as a result. Although FSFI was victorious in opening more opportunities for women to compete at the Olympics women were still excluded from making decision process in their own sports. The IOC conceded to the FSFI only to sustain its powers. Despite the advances of TITLE IX the fight to allow women to equally engage in sport continues today. Many unforeseen consequences occurred due to TITLE IX specifically with womens involvement in the administration aspects of sports. In the article The story of womens Athletic Manipulating a Dream author Joan Hult supports this idea. Hult concludes although [TITILE IX] brought millions of girls and women to the sports fields and arenas, it reduced thousands of women administrators to secondary positions of leadership and removed them from decision making positions. As a consequence of the loss of women in decision making positions the governance of girls and women athletes became the province of men and mens governance structures (Hult 96). The most notable victim was the AIAW. The AIAWs down fall or merger with the NCAA created a void of women who administrate sportShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gender Barriers in Athletics1138 Words   |  5 Pagesfemale) entering a non-traditional sport for their gender/sex (eg women who enter body building, power lifting, boxing; men who enter synchronized swimming or field hockey)? Throughout history it is clear that not only women, but both genders have faced seemingly insurmountable barriers when attempting to break into a sport that is not proper or stereotypical for their gender to participate in. Though as a society we are making strides towards equality in sport, such as the advent of Title IX,Read More Men, Women and Gender Boundaries in Sports Essay623 Words   |  3 PagesMen, Women and Gender Boundaries in Sports Today, we are seeing many changes in regard to gender and its place in the athletic world. More than ever, men and women are crossing gender boundaries and entering a non-traditional sport for their sex. Of course this boundary crossing is significant culturally and socially as it challenges conventional view of male and female characteristics and roles. When altering a customary view of gender in a society, there are both costs and benefits to thatRead MoreAre Men Deserve More Funding?1190 Words   |  5 Pages men deserve more funding when it comes to athletics? Yes, why? Because they are men! Oddly enough, some people deem this to be true. Over the years, the discussion of funding for sports according to sexuality has been confronted. Should men receive more because they are dominate in sports? Should funding be equal? These are both logical questions to be asked. In the past years, equality and fairness was a major issue; therefore, President Nixon signed into law â€Å"Title IX Act† in 1972. NowRead MoreEssay on Still No Equality for Women in Sports1006 Words   |  5 PagesStill No Equality for Women in Sports Throughout the history of women in sports, women had to ?merge? then ?submerge? with male dominated sports organizations and structures in order to participate. The Olympic Games is a key example of women have to merge and submerge with a male dominated organization. The first modern Olympics, held in 1896, did not allow women participants. And when women were allowed to participate, in 1900, it was in only three sports and out of the 1,225 athletes, onlyRead MoreThe Importance Of Equal Pay, Rights And Opportunity For Women Involved With Sports1629 Words   |  7 Pagespay, rights and opportunity for women involved with sports. This topic was selected because this is evident based on the staggering numbers of women performing and displaying either equal or more in terms of success, achievement or work load and still are behind when comparing salaries between men and women. Hopefully, this podcast will shine some light on this subject and bring awareness. Based on prior research c onducted the numbers are comparing the USA women s soccer. It is safe to say theseRead MoreGender Discrimination in Womens Sports682 Words   |  3 Pages Gender discrimination in sports has been an issue since competition began long ago. Back then, people believed only men should play sports, women might hurt themselves, women should wear respectable clothes, and women should stay home and take care of the children (â€Å"Women†). However, this inequity became outdated in the 1970s when Title IX was passed. â€Å"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discriminationRead MoreEqual Pay Act And Title Ix1485 Words   |  6 PagesIt is the year 2016, the United States has had its first African American president, gay marriage is legalized, and women and men are supposedly seen as equals in the workplace and educational institutions. It is important to note that while steps to equality have been made through the Equal Pay Act and Title IX, gender discrimination is still prevalent in society. The NCAA reported since 1988, in the 2007-2008 academic year, institutions yielded a net gain of 2, 342 women’s teams added to varsityRead MoreThe Impact Of Long Women On Education And Sports1323 Words   |  6 PagesForty-three years. That’s how long women have had equality in education and sports. Due to the passage of Title IX, also known as one of the Education Amendments of 1972, it is illegal for educational institutions to discriminate on the basis of sex which includes all academic and extra-curricular programs such as sports. Title IX explicitly gives women equal rights, stating â€Å"no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, orRead MoreEssay about Gender and Sara Maratta808 Words   |  4 PagesSara Maratta discusses a controversial issue of women are becoming mor e accepted into the sports world, not only as fans and players but also as voices in sports journalism. However, men still dominate on all levels. Why? Some argue because of stereotype. From this perspective, who really cares why women are not receiving the same equality as men? Are women being used as sex symbols, are they really being accepted in the sports world or is the sports world just creating balance. According to SaraRead MoreGender Equality And The Empowerment Of Women Essay1212 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s participation in sports has a long history. It is a history marked by division and discrimination but also filled with major accomplishments by female athletes and important advances for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls. It is important to know how women impacted sports and opened doors for new possibilities. The principal objective of Title IX is to stop the use of federal money to support sex discrimination in education programs and to provide individual citizens helpful

Tok External Assessment Essay - Knowledge Gives Us a Sense...

TOK â€Å"Knowledge gives us a sense of who we are.† To what extent is this true in the Human Sciences and Ethics? Socrates once said, â€Å"To know, is to know that you know nothing. That is the meaning of true knowledge† [1]. In similar vein, Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, â€Å"Knowledge is knowing that we cannot know† [1]. A great Indian master, Nisargadatta Maharaj once quoted, â€Å"To know what you are, you must first investigate and know what you are not† [2]. What were Socrates, Emerson, Nisargadatta hinting at? Is there any such thing as ‘knowledge’ and if so, can this knowledge ever give us a sense of who we are? Is there one concrete sense of ‘who we are’ that persists all throughout our lives or is our sense of identity a montage of†¦show more content†¦In reality, 65% of the participants in Milgram’s study delivered the maximum shocks [4]. ‘Bystander effect’ is another monstrous revelation of abnormal human behavior in social circumstances. The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others hinder an individual from intervening in an emergency situation [5]. A recent case of the bystander effect was the running over of 2 year old Chinese toddler twice as dozens just watched her succumbing to her injuries without offering any help [6]. Many other startling revelations from the world of Social Psychology demonstrate ‘how we behave’ in society but does this knowledge really give us a sense of who we are as individuals? Although these experiments and many others, to a large extent, do accurately provide a sense of how humans behave in public, I feel that such studies erroneously generalize human identity in terms of how they behave in society but this doesn’t provide a concrete sense of who one really is at the core. Just because one, under the multifarious dynamics of public pressure, behaves in a certain way might not mean that one IS that way. The biggest flaw of Social Psychology might be that it labels a string of behavioral tendencies and actions as part of individual identity. Is how we behave under pressure really a part of who we are at the core? On the other hand, there are those who would claim that one is what one behaves i.e. one’s actions are what gives on a sense of who

Business Strategy for Tesla Inc Company- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Strategy for Tesla Inc Company. Answer: Introduction Business strategy means the working plan of a firm put forward by an organization with the view of attaining its long-term goals and objectives. This assignment aims at carrying out an analysis of various concepts of strategic competitive advantage, capabilities and core competencies that are employed in Tesla, Inc Company. Every business is obliged to coming up with unique capabilities and competencies that will enable it to cope with competition from its opponents. The fundamental purpose of this report is to identify and describe different concepts related to core competencies, strategic capabilities, and competitive advantages. The report will involve correlation and evaluation of this concept as used in organizations. When a business formulates and implements good strategies, it enjoys success regarding good competitive positions, strong financial performance and future business growth(Sandberg, 2014). However, if the reverse happens, the business fails and is left with two opti ons, either to make attempts at changing the strategies and adopting new functional ones or merely quitting the business. Internal strategy analysis Internal strategy analysis is critical in laying out the pathway that will lead to the achievement of the business long-term goals. In strategic management, the internal capabilities are efficiently converted to competitive advantages of the company as well as core competencies. Internal skills, resources, and capabilities that are unique in every organization are some of the factors that lead to organizational growth. Another critical component of any business is resources which may be classified into physical, technological, intellectual, human, tangible or intangible. Proper utilization of resources brings about competitive strengths while the reverse brings about business weaknesses. The utilization of the company's resources determines its competitive position about its rivals. In addition to that, strategic capabilities are also used towards creating competitive advantages. Business performance requires the combination of strategic capabilities uniquely, the concept of core competencies which act as competitive advantages. Each company has its way of doing things which distinguishes it from its rivals. Core competencies are based on strategic capabilities and ate built up over time through commitment and experience. Core competencies and strategic capabilities are interlinked so that many strategic capabilities make a core competence. The combinations of a firms core competencies result into its strategic competitive advantage often known as its competitive position in the market. Overall, strategic competitive advantages must be valuable, rare, costly and non-substitutable so that they only uniquely belong to the firm to enable it outcome its rivals. Strategic competitive advantage and core competencies are primary indicators of effective use of resources about their rivals. Conclusively, the internal environment of an organization determines what it c an do. The concept of resources, core competencies, strategic capabilities and strategic competitive advantages show how well positioned a company is and its ability to make use of the opportunities and reducing threats to be in a position to improve profit margins. Case study, Tesla Inc. Company Tesla, Inc is a company located in the United States dealing with manufacturing, designing, development and the sale of electric vehicles and energy generation and storage systems. The company has a reputable brand known for its innovativeness(Chen, 2016). In spite of the competitive pressure from its rivals, its innovativeness has supported the global growth of its business. However, the company is recently experiencing limited global interactions, and it, therefore, must address this weakness and make efforts to maintain global competitiveness and growth. Tesla, Inc has various internal strategies that empower it to outcompete other companies and ensure profitability in the long run (Mosey, 2015). These factors are innovativeness, reputable brand image and proper control of the production process. This big and trusted brand enables it to attract new customers and retain the existing ones(Sia, 2015). The company exercises secure control of the production process by ensuring that it manufactures both the products and their components on their own to prevent loopholes created by the third party. It also has weaknesses that have to be addressed to maintain its competitive advantages and enable it to reach its long-term goals successfully. These weaknesses can be overcome trough reforms, initiatives, and strategies aimed at maintaining the supremacy of the brand and ensuring that the company remains the best and in a position to reach its long-term goals(Wieland, 2016). These weaknesses are high prices, limited market presence, and limited supply chain. The company sells most of its products in the USA and this limits business growth. The company is not rapidly increasing its market and thus growing slowly. The diagram below shows its strengths and weaknesses. Strengths Weakness Innovativeness Selling products as high prices Having a renown brand Limited supply chain Proper control of production process Lack of market diversification References Chen, Y. (2016). Business strategy and auditor reporting. Auditing. A Journal of Practice Theory, 6 (8), 34-50. Mosey, S. (2015). Entrepreneurial strategy. Building an Entrepreneurial Organisation , 3 (6), 76-90. Sandberg, J. (2014). Understanding human competence at work: an interpretative approach. Academy of management journal, 4 (9), 67-87. Sia, S. (2015). How DBS Bank Pursued a Digital Business Strategy. MIS Quarterly Executive, 7 (5), 54-87. Wieland, H. (2016). Business models as a service strategy. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 5 (7), 54-77.

Spartacus Essays - Third Servile War, Roman Gladiators,

Spartacus Who was Spartacus and what was his influence on Roman civilization? Both these questions and more will be answered in our report. Spartacus was born and eventually sold into slavery. He was born in the Roman city of Thrace. There he joined and later deserted the ever powerful army of Rome. Little did he know that what was once his home army would turn to be the army threatening to kill him and his followers. In 71 B.C., after being caught as a deserter of the Roman army, he was sold as a slave to a gladiator trainer in Capua. He was then, trained as a gladiator for the spectators at coliseums. He was trained well and soon escaped from the tight grip of slavery. In 73 B.C., he and his fellow gladiator trainees escaped to the safety of the fabled Mount Vesuvius. There, he and his small group of followers met up with thousands of runaway slaves like themselves. The slaves had all gathered to mount one of the bloodiest, largest rebellions in all of time. As Spartacus as the leader, the rebel force in and around the mountain prepared themselves for war. This rebel uprising in southern Italy was later known as the Third Servile war, also known as the Gladiator's war. Spartacus's forces soon advanced and plundered miles of land. In this time, they were met by two Roman armies and destroyed them both. The rebel's forces soon overran all of southern Italy and looked like a formidable opponent for the Roman Empire. Spartacus quickly moved into the Cisalpine Gaul region, which was south of their previous position, and soon enough had defeated three Roman armies. Spartacus's armies decided to remain in Italy for the sake of plunder and marched even farther south. Spartacus had taken them here so that their armies would disperse and the soldiers could return home. Unfortunately many men did not return and they decided to stay and plunder the area. Once again they were met by the Roman armies led by the commander, Marcus Licinus Crassus. The rebel armies soon found great difficulties. The Roman army fought hard and soon pushed them into the narrow peninsula of Rhegium (now Reggio di Calabria). Spartacus's armies were now forced with the problem of escape. One night while the Romans were off guard, the rebels snuck past the Romans and fled to Lucania. At this point, Spartacus's armies had suffered severe casualties and were not very quick to move. The Roman Armies quickly pursued and in a last and final stand, the rebels fought hard but were soon surmounted by the overpowering Roman forces. In this last battle, Spartacus himself was killed and many of his followers suffered the same fate. Upon Spartacus's death, that marked the end of this great insurrection. The remaining followers of Spartacus soon fled the battle and retreated to the north. They were soon met by the armies of Pompey the Great and quickly obliterated by the large armies. All the prisoners obtained by the Romans during this great rebellion were crucified by the Roman armies. Just a few years later, one of the most famous people of all time would suffer the same means of execution. This Rebellion had a lasting effect on civilization because it showed the will power of the commoners and of slaves that, if in all cooperation, could easily overthrow any government. This brought about many reforms to balance wealth and power In conclusion, we hope you have learned from this brief report on the trials and tribulation's of Spartacus and his loyal followers who stuck with him till the end. History Reports

Marketing Plan Apple Inc

Objectives The company pursues many objectives with the marketing plan. The objectives will be specific, measurable, attainable and timely (Trika, 2010). In other words, Apple Inc will follow the SMART model in developing and implementing its objectives. The marketing objectives of the company includesAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To improving the customer engagement and relationship with the company and its products by 50% To increase the company’s website traffic by 45% To increase the presence of the company’s brand across the social media channels by 50% To improve on the positive feedback concerning the company brand by 40% The objectives must be attained within three years. However, increasing the website traffic as well as the presence of the company’s brand is expected to be attained within the first year of the plan. In fact, the presence of the company’s brand will be attained by increasing the number of times the products are mentioned on the social media. In addition, the number of comments as well as the number of followers within the social networking sites applied by the company will also measure the brand presence. The numbers of comments are expected to reach 1000 by the end of the first year of the plan while the numbers of followers are expected to reach 1650 in the same year. The number of individuals and the companies that have visited the website will measure the objective of increasing the number of traffic. The objectives are attainable given the set targets against the period. In addition, given the past trends, the results can be achieved within the given time. Content Most of the information will be retrieved from the company website. However, other related marketing journals will also provide valuable information concerning the marketing plan. Most importantly, the marketi ng researches that have been conducted will provide valuable information to be applied in this plan (Wild, 2012). Moreover, the reports from the promotions, conference presentations as well as other events will provide valuable information on the company’s performance. In essence, the external sources of information will includes The websites including the applied social media websites as well as the search engine websites. Articles written concerning the company Journals both academic and non academic concerning the company and its brand products Marketing research reports that have been conducted concerning the company and its products Reports from the company marketing activities including promotions, presentations and events Blog posts regarding the company products, brand and activities Press releases concerning the company brands as well as the products Video records on the company events Text messages and e-mails received by the company regarding the products and the brand. Networks Depending on the objectives and the target clients, Apple Company will explore various innovative social media platforms to promote its services in order to reach its targeted users. The social sites have offered new opportunities for the company to promote its products and services as well as reach the target users at reduced costs. Facebook The main social networking site that the company will utilize is facebook. Currently, facebook is the largest social networking site in the world (Hemley, 2013). Facebook will allow the company to reach the target market through users’ profile information such as different age brackets as well as their attention altitudes. For example, most of the younger generation use of phones and ipads for online socialization. Studies show that people between the ages 21-24 are the biggest users of facebook at about 17% (Bowker, 2013). Because of this popularity, the social site provides a good site for the company to increase its p resence as well as the brand to the target market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More LinkedIn Another important social networking site the company will utilize is LinkedIn. Primarily, LinkedIn promotions target people with certain aptitudes and designations. Therefore, it is considered a complex form of experts’ social networking since allows communication between professionals such as accountancy and legal services among others within the Apple Company (Close, 2012). Due to the proficient information LinkedIn uses in its commercials, it is useful in adverts targeting the professionals. Twitter Twitter provides the best platform for the company to increase its presence among the users of its products (Jacobson, 2013). Twitter is currently developing self-service commercial methods targeting an array of people particularly the company’s target group. In addition, the twitter target enthusiasts of the open and common social site handlers. Twitter mostly target users within the age bracket of twenty-five and above. Therefore, Apple Company that intends to attract the age groups will embrace the use of twitter to increase its presence. Implementation and monitoring schedule As indicated, the objectives and goals of the plan will be implemented within three years and the expected the result will measured against the set targets (Gamse, 2012). Within three years, the overall results of the marketing plan are expected to be attained and benefit the company. Moreover, the set objectives will be monitored and evaluated against the expected results (Zarrella, 2009). Upon realization that the expected results cannot be attained, the goal will be redefined and oriented according to the needs of the market. However, such circumstances are not expected since the situation has been analyzed through the application of SWOT and PESTLE models reducing the ch ances of any eventuality. The evaluation of the progress will conducted on six months interval within three years period. The implementation and monitoring schedule indicated will be applied in the evaluation of the expected results. objective Expected results Attained results Period covered Expected timeline Customer engagement 50% 3 Years Website traffic 45% 1 Year Brand presence 50% 1 Year Positive feedback 40% 3 Years As shown in the implementation and monitoring schedule, the attained results will be measured on half-yearly basis pegged on the expected results. In the period covered column, the number of months will be recorded and checked against the expected timeline as well as the progress in the attained results. In case the attained results rise against the increasing number of months, then the results are positive. However, in case the attained results decrease with the increasing number of months, the results are negative. Under the circumstances th at the results are negative, a timeline may be prolonged or the objective may be redefined depending on the practical feedback.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several activities involved in the implementation process. The activities are critical in the attainment of the set objectives (Baron Shane, 2008). Activities such as training of the staff, engaging with the target audience and developing the content are significant in the implementation of the marketing plan. Such activities will also be taken into consideration during the implementation process. Measuring the success of the goals As mentioned before, the performance of the goals will be measured on their performance against the set targets. In addition, the success of the goals will be measured based on the SMART model. In other words, the goals of the company will be deemed successfu l when the expected results are attained (Ash, 2013). In this case, however, once the goals have reached or surpassed the set percentage, then the goal will be deemed successful. The first objective was to increase the customer engagement by 50 % across all the social media the company will utilize. The number of posts on the company’s social media page as well as followers will measure customer engagement (Ash, 2013). The company expects to increase the number to 10, 000 within three years. The number will account for an increase of 50% of the total number the company currently have. In case the targets are attained within the specified period, then the objective has met the requirement and is deemed successful. Similarly, the presence of the company’s brand will be measured by the number of times the products are mentioned on the social media. In addition, the number of comments as well as the number of followers within the social networking sites applied by the comp any will be used to measure the brand presence. The numbers of comments are expected to reach 1000 by the end of the first year of the plan while the numbers of followers are expected to reach 1650 in the same year. The number of individuals and the companies that have visited the website will measure the objective of increasing the traffic. Under the circumstances that the set targets are achieved, then the goals and objects are deemed successful. References Ash, M. (2013). Understand the real value of lead generation to generate the greatest return. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Baron, R. Shane, A. (2008). Entrepreneurship: A process perspective. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Bowker, S. (2013). A summary of what marketers can learn from the Data-Driven Marketing Survey 2013, Europe. Web. Close, A. G. (2012). Online consumer behavior: theory and research in social media, advertising and E-Tail. London, UK: Routledge. Gamse, P. (2012). 42 Rules for a web presence that wins: essential business strategy for website and social media success. Washington, DC: Happy About. Hemley, D. (2013). 26 tips to create a strong social media content strategy. Web. Jacobson, J. L. (2013). 42 rules of social media for small business. Washington, DC: Happy About. Trika, J. (2010). Buyer’s guide on choosing the right search engine marketing agencies and tools. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. Wild, M. (2012). Social media marketing strategy report. Journal of Marketing Research, 46(12), 67-73. Zarrella, D. (2009). The social media marketing. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reil ly Media. This essay on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc was written and submitted by user Ali Huff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy The WritePass Journal

The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy Abstract The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy AbstractIntroduction Principal Legacies of Imperialism on the Contemporary World Economy Conclusion ReferencesRelated Abstract This study explores the principal legacies of imperialism for the contemporary world economy. The findings indicate that although colonialism ended many years ago, its effects and policies still remain in the global economy and it is being aided by globalisation. The developed economies use foreign aid and multinationals to control the economies of the developing countries. Introduction The modern world economy has been influenced by both imperialism and the experience of colonialism. Western imperialism dominated the global history in the last 200 years and it transformed both the third world and western nations in terms of culture, economy, politics and socialisation (Dutt, 2006). The term imperialism was derived from a Latin word imperator meaning autocratic power and centralised government (Smith Dawson Books, 2008). As such imperialism involves one country dominating another country or other countries in ways that benefit it and not the latter. The impact of Europe on the world economy is significant because it has shaped the economic sphere. The legacy of imperialism exists in the form of communication networks, economic structures and ties to metropolitan economies typifying former colonies. Principal Legacies of Imperialism on the Contemporary World Economy Imperialism was the precursor of globalisation that characterises the contemporary world economy (Chattopadhyaya Das, 2007).   This legacy is not entirely benign and the effects of the restructuring of economies of the former colonies have led to dependency on the metropole’s economies. Colonialism had to be stopped because it was exploitative, displaced people from their natural status and transferred wealth from one country to the other. However, globalisation came up to replace imperialism by achieving the same results but this time legitimately and in a manner that is politically correct (Ramana Observer Research Foundation, 2008). The World Trade Organisation and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade legitimised this legacy of imperialism through putting in place trade agreements to eliminate trade barriers. This ensures that countries participate in their own subjugation and in the process transform themselves into neo-colonial states (Hont, 2005). Globalisation has not led to economic equality and interdependence as it is often claimed. It has instead made the lesser developed countries dependent on the developed countries (Dunning Lundan, 2008). In addition to this, it has also led to indebtedness to the International Financial Institutions owned by the west. In some cases it has also led to unfair competition, greater debt and increased poverty. Although globalisation has created wealth for some countries, it has also increased poverty for others. Dutt (2006) adds that it is a more efficient way of exploiting other nations with the help of established international institutions and mechanisms designed to entrap the lesser developed countries through creating economic dependency, debt, and increasing poverty. However unlike colonialism these countries cannot revolt against the loss of their sovereignty. This is because any attempts to revolt could make them lose economic aid that would result in economic and human crisis. Th is is a huge risk that these countries are never willing to risk. All these are consequences of the structuring of the economies of the former colonies making them dependent on exports, monoculture and fluctuations in the global market. Imperialism created a political economic reality of dependency and exploitation because most of the lesser developed economies do not have full control of their economic affairs (Hont, 2005).   There are counterarguments that political economies have lives of their own which make them not fully controllable or that globalisation has taken away such control from all countries. However this perception does not take into account the fact that there is a huge difference in the extent of control. The northern nation states have a relatively strong position because of the financial institutions and multinationals which give them higher control over their political economies (Tester, 2010). The southern nation states on the other hand are impoverished, indebted and dependent on foreign investment and foreign aid. Therefore neo-colonialism steps in because these nation states have reduced control. The contemporary world economy is organised around capitalist imperialism characterised by systematic accumulation of capital through organised labour exploitation and penetrating overseas markets. The capital imperialists make investments in the other countries, transforms and then dominates their economies. Additionally, they integrate their productive and financial structures into the international system of capital accumulation (Chattopadhyaya Das, 2007). Expansion is the central imperative of capitalism because investors only pursue business ventures when they see opportunities for extracting more than they invest. These firms only increase their earnings when their enterprises grow. As such the capitalists keep searching for ways of generating more money. They have to invest in order to generate profits and gather strengths to be able to beat off competition and unpredictable markets. Owing to its expansionary nature, capitalism has to keep exploring other opportunities away f rom home. It is this expansion that ends up destroying whole societies as people are forced to transform into disfranchised wage employees (Smith Dawson Books, 2008). Consumer societies, mass market and mass media replace folk cultures and indigenous societies. Agribusiness factory farms supplant cooperative lands, centralised autocracies supplant autonomous regions and desolate shanty towns replace villages. European and North American corporations have acquired and now control over 75% of mineral resources in Africa, Asia and Latin America (Dunning Lundan, 2008). However, the pursuit for natural resources is not the only reason for expanding operations overseas. They also need to lower the cost of production and maximise profits through investing in economies with cheaper labour markets. They make over 50% profits in the lesser developed countries compared to their home countries because of factors like low wages, weak labour unions, low taxes, weak or non-existent environmental and occupational protections and non-existent work benefits (Guo Guo, 2010). For instance Citibank which is one of the largest US firms makes about approximately 75% of its profits from its operations overseas (Ramana Observer Research Foundation, 2008). Imperialism has made it possible for the multinational firms to continue growing even at a time when their home markets are sluggish because of the dramatic growth in the foreign markets which still remain unexploited. Currently some 400 transnational companies control approximately 80% capital assets in the free global market (Hobson, 2005). These companies have developed global production lines across the lesser developed countries. Multiple sourcing allows these transnational companies to overcome strikes in one country by increasing production in the other countries.   By playing the workers of different countries against each other, they discourage them from making demands on wage and benefit increments which undermine the strategies of labour unions. These firms find cheap labour, natural resources and other profitable conditions in the less developed countries. This is what enables them to generate huge profits which they then repatriate back to their home countries. Both national and local governments often compete in attracting multinational companies with huge expectations in terms of employment provision, tax revenues and economic activity (Sharp, 2009). These governments offer the companies incentives in terms of lax labour or environmental regulations, pledges of government assistance, tax breaks and other subsidies. Other than offering these governments a promise of economic growth, these companies exert power over government through their technical and intellectual property. For instance Microsoft has software patents and Adidas has patents on shoe designs. The patents allow these corporations to exercise their monopolistic powers in the local economy and in the process inhibit the growth of the local enterprises. Additionally, this monopoly helps them maintain low costs of labour and at times even exploitative. Owing to the size of these corporations, they often influence government policies using threats of withdrawal from the market (L ouis, 2006). This forces the governments of the lesser developed states to make polices that benefit the corporations rather than protecting the rights of the citizens. Therefore these corporations exploit the local labour force and funnel the important resources away from these countries into their home countries. In this way globalisation has made the lesser developed economies to be dependent on the developed countries. The multinational companies also cause uneven distribution of benefits because the resources are diverted from the local people into foreign markets (Louis, 2006).   For instance land that could have been used to produce food for the local populations is used by these corporations to grow cash crops for their operations. This leads to high costs of food for the local populations as they are at times forced to import what they could produce locally if their natural resources were effectively utilised. In addition to this, fresh produce are packaged for the international markets where they will fetch more money rather than feeding the local populations. This is the reason why foreign dependency has led to widespread malnutrition in many lesser developed economies (Tester, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, this study has explored the principles legacies of imperialism on the contemporary world economy. The findings indicate that the developed economies still manage the economies of former colonies and the developing economies using different mechanisms like aid and multinational companies with the aid of globalisation. Economic globalisation has also led to unequal economic relations between the developed and the developing economies. The governments of the lesser developed economies act more in the interests of the multinationals and other economies that provide them with aid instead of acting independently on behalf of the citizens. This creates a feeling of economic connection with the lesser developed economies feeling that they cannot survive on their own.   Therefore the dependent relations that were established under colonialism still continue to dominate the world economy through economic imperialism or neo-colonialism. References Chattopadhyaya, D. P., Das, G. J. B. (2007)  Science, technology, imperialism and war. New Delhi: Pearson Longman. Dunning, J. H., Lundan, S. M. (2008)  Multinational enterprises and the global economy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Dutt, S. (2006).  India in a Globalized World. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Guo, S., Guo, B. (2010).  Greater China in an era of globalization. Lanham, Md: Rowman Littlefield. Hobson, J. A. (2005).  Imperialism: A study. New York: Cosimo. Hont, I. (2005).  Jealousy of trade: International competition and the nation state in historical perspective. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Louis, W. R. (2006).  Ends of British imperialism: The scramble for empire, Suez and decolonization : collected essays. London: I.B. Tauris. Ramana, P. V., Observer Research Foundation. (2008).  The Naxal challenge: Causes, linkages, and policy options. New Delhi: Pearson Education. Sharp, J. P. (2009).  Geographies of post-colonialism. London: SAGE. Smith, D., Dawson Books. (2008).  The dragon and the elephant: China, India and the new world order. London: Profile. Tester, K. (2010).  Humanitarianism and modern culture. University Park, Pa: The Pennsylvania State University Press.

Commercial Rental Market in Midwestern City Research Paper

Commercial Rental Market in Midwestern City - Research Paper Example Per square foot annual rental cost = 43.12 + 7.47 * Occupancy - 3.9 * Wiring1 - 0.9 * Distance to City Center - 0.76 * Distance to Airport + 0.53 * Number of Elevator - 0.35 * Length of Lease - 0.11 * Years to last Renovations + 0.09 * Building Age. For a 3 year lease of 50,000 sqft of newly renovated and wired space that is one mile away from city center and fifteen miles away from the nearest airport, with 75% occupancy, three elevators, four years since last renovations in a ten year old building, the predicted per square foot annual cost of rent is $34, and predicted total annual cost of rent is $1,701,712. An office that is ten miles away from the airport its per square foot rent is valued on the real estate market at $33, while an office that is twenty miles away from the airport is valued at $26, with a discount value of 70% per mile. Similarly, the presence of office wiring is valued at $34.5, while no office wiring at $30.6, with a discount value of 10%. An office with 0.75 occupancy is valued at $29.8 per square foot, while an office with 0.97 occupancy is valued at $31.5. Potential savings are best made by increasing the distan