Essay about Men and Women Equality in Sports - 903 Words

Men and Women: Equality in Sports Many of the pre-existing womens sports organizations such as Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW), Fà ©dà ©ration Sportive Fà ©minine Internationale (FSFI), and American Basketball League (ABL) have been the casualties of male dominated sports structure. These organizations merged or dissolved as other male dominated institutions began to include womens competitive sports. The NCAA saw the potential for additional revenue as the AIAW grew. Rather than lose significant financial resources the NCAA insisted that its member institutions offer women championships. This meant that both mens and womens programs had to be included in member institution or not be recognized by the NCAA. As†¦show more content†¦With an audience of 20,000 for the closing stages the International Olympic Committee took note and voted to allow women to compete in 5 of 10 sports, suggested by the FSFI, at the 1928 Summer Olympic Games (Hult 87). The 1928 Games had reduced events, and opportunities, which meant that womens leadership were reduced as a result. Although FSFI was victorious in opening more opportunities for women to compete at the Olympics women were still excluded from making decision process in their own sports. The IOC conceded to the FSFI only to sustain its powers. Despite the advances of TITLE IX the fight to allow women to equally engage in sport continues today. Many unforeseen consequences occurred due to TITLE IX specifically with womens involvement in the administration aspects of sports. In the article The story of womens Athletic Manipulating a Dream author Joan Hult supports this idea. Hult concludes although [TITILE IX] brought millions of girls and women to the sports fields and arenas, it reduced thousands of women administrators to secondary positions of leadership and removed them from decision making positions. As a consequence of the loss of women in decision making positions the governance of girls and women athletes became the province of men and mens governance structures (Hult 96). The most notable victim was the AIAW. The AIAWs down fall or merger with the NCAA created a void of women who administrate sportShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gender Barriers in Athletics1138 Words   |  5 Pagesfemale) entering a non-traditional sport for their gender/sex (eg women who enter body building, power lifting, boxing; men who enter synchronized swimming or field hockey)? Throughout history it is clear that not only women, but both genders have faced seemingly insurmountable barriers when attempting to break into a sport that is not proper or stereotypical for their gender to participate in. Though as a society we are making strides towards equality in sport, such as the advent of Title IX,Read More Men, Women and Gender Boundaries in Sports Essay623 Words   |  3 PagesMen, Women and Gender Boundaries in Sports Today, we are seeing many changes in regard to gender and its place in the athletic world. More than ever, men and women are crossing gender boundaries and entering a non-traditional sport for their sex. Of course this boundary crossing is significant culturally and socially as it challenges conventional view of male and female characteristics and roles. When altering a customary view of gender in a society, there are both costs and benefits to thatRead MoreAre Men Deserve More Funding?1190 Words   |  5 Pages men deserve more funding when it comes to athletics? Yes, why? Because they are men! Oddly enough, some people deem this to be true. Over the years, the discussion of funding for sports according to sexuality has been confronted. Should men receive more because they are dominate in sports? Should funding be equal? These are both logical questions to be asked. In the past years, equality and fairness was a major issue; therefore, President Nixon signed into law â€Å"Title IX Act† in 1972. NowRead MoreEssay on Still No Equality for Women in Sports1006 Words   |  5 PagesStill No Equality for Women in Sports Throughout the history of women in sports, women had to ?merge? then ?submerge? with male dominated sports organizations and structures in order to participate. The Olympic Games is a key example of women have to merge and submerge with a male dominated organization. The first modern Olympics, held in 1896, did not allow women participants. And when women were allowed to participate, in 1900, it was in only three sports and out of the 1,225 athletes, onlyRead MoreThe Importance Of Equal Pay, Rights And Opportunity For Women Involved With Sports1629 Words   |  7 Pagespay, rights and opportunity for women involved with sports. This topic was selected because this is evident based on the staggering numbers of women performing and displaying either equal or more in terms of success, achievement or work load and still are behind when comparing salaries between men and women. Hopefully, this podcast will shine some light on this subject and bring awareness. Based on prior research c onducted the numbers are comparing the USA women s soccer. It is safe to say theseRead MoreGender Discrimination in Womens Sports682 Words   |  3 Pages Gender discrimination in sports has been an issue since competition began long ago. Back then, people believed only men should play sports, women might hurt themselves, women should wear respectable clothes, and women should stay home and take care of the children (â€Å"Women†). However, this inequity became outdated in the 1970s when Title IX was passed. â€Å"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discriminationRead MoreEqual Pay Act And Title Ix1485 Words   |  6 PagesIt is the year 2016, the United States has had its first African American president, gay marriage is legalized, and women and men are supposedly seen as equals in the workplace and educational institutions. It is important to note that while steps to equality have been made through the Equal Pay Act and Title IX, gender discrimination is still prevalent in society. The NCAA reported since 1988, in the 2007-2008 academic year, institutions yielded a net gain of 2, 342 women’s teams added to varsityRead MoreThe Impact Of Long Women On Education And Sports1323 Words   |  6 PagesForty-three years. That’s how long women have had equality in education and sports. Due to the passage of Title IX, also known as one of the Education Amendments of 1972, it is illegal for educational institutions to discriminate on the basis of sex which includes all academic and extra-curricular programs such as sports. Title IX explicitly gives women equal rights, stating â€Å"no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, orRead MoreEssay about Gender and Sara Maratta808 Words   |  4 PagesSara Maratta discusses a controversial issue of women are becoming mor e accepted into the sports world, not only as fans and players but also as voices in sports journalism. However, men still dominate on all levels. Why? Some argue because of stereotype. From this perspective, who really cares why women are not receiving the same equality as men? Are women being used as sex symbols, are they really being accepted in the sports world or is the sports world just creating balance. According to SaraRead MoreGender Equality And The Empowerment Of Women Essay1212 Words   |  5 PagesWomen’s participation in sports has a long history. It is a history marked by division and discrimination but also filled with major accomplishments by female athletes and important advances for gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls. It is important to know how women impacted sports and opened doors for new possibilities. The principal objective of Title IX is to stop the use of federal money to support sex discrimination in education programs and to provide individual citizens helpful

Tok External Assessment Essay - Knowledge Gives Us a Sense...

TOK â€Å"Knowledge gives us a sense of who we are.† To what extent is this true in the Human Sciences and Ethics? Socrates once said, â€Å"To know, is to know that you know nothing. That is the meaning of true knowledge† [1]. In similar vein, Ralph Waldo Emerson once said, â€Å"Knowledge is knowing that we cannot know† [1]. A great Indian master, Nisargadatta Maharaj once quoted, â€Å"To know what you are, you must first investigate and know what you are not† [2]. What were Socrates, Emerson, Nisargadatta hinting at? Is there any such thing as ‘knowledge’ and if so, can this knowledge ever give us a sense of who we are? Is there one concrete sense of ‘who we are’ that persists all throughout our lives or is our sense of identity a montage of†¦show more content†¦In reality, 65% of the participants in Milgram’s study delivered the maximum shocks [4]. ‘Bystander effect’ is another monstrous revelation of abnormal human behavior in social circumstances. The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others hinder an individual from intervening in an emergency situation [5]. A recent case of the bystander effect was the running over of 2 year old Chinese toddler twice as dozens just watched her succumbing to her injuries without offering any help [6]. Many other startling revelations from the world of Social Psychology demonstrate ‘how we behave’ in society but does this knowledge really give us a sense of who we are as individuals? Although these experiments and many others, to a large extent, do accurately provide a sense of how humans behave in public, I feel that such studies erroneously generalize human identity in terms of how they behave in society but this doesn’t provide a concrete sense of who one really is at the core. Just because one, under the multifarious dynamics of public pressure, behaves in a certain way might not mean that one IS that way. The biggest flaw of Social Psychology might be that it labels a string of behavioral tendencies and actions as part of individual identity. Is how we behave under pressure really a part of who we are at the core? On the other hand, there are those who would claim that one is what one behaves i.e. one’s actions are what gives on a sense of who

Business Strategy for Tesla Inc Company- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Strategy for Tesla Inc Company. Answer: Introduction Business strategy means the working plan of a firm put forward by an organization with the view of attaining its long-term goals and objectives. This assignment aims at carrying out an analysis of various concepts of strategic competitive advantage, capabilities and core competencies that are employed in Tesla, Inc Company. Every business is obliged to coming up with unique capabilities and competencies that will enable it to cope with competition from its opponents. The fundamental purpose of this report is to identify and describe different concepts related to core competencies, strategic capabilities, and competitive advantages. The report will involve correlation and evaluation of this concept as used in organizations. When a business formulates and implements good strategies, it enjoys success regarding good competitive positions, strong financial performance and future business growth(Sandberg, 2014). However, if the reverse happens, the business fails and is left with two opti ons, either to make attempts at changing the strategies and adopting new functional ones or merely quitting the business. Internal strategy analysis Internal strategy analysis is critical in laying out the pathway that will lead to the achievement of the business long-term goals. In strategic management, the internal capabilities are efficiently converted to competitive advantages of the company as well as core competencies. Internal skills, resources, and capabilities that are unique in every organization are some of the factors that lead to organizational growth. Another critical component of any business is resources which may be classified into physical, technological, intellectual, human, tangible or intangible. Proper utilization of resources brings about competitive strengths while the reverse brings about business weaknesses. The utilization of the company's resources determines its competitive position about its rivals. In addition to that, strategic capabilities are also used towards creating competitive advantages. Business performance requires the combination of strategic capabilities uniquely, the concept of core competencies which act as competitive advantages. Each company has its way of doing things which distinguishes it from its rivals. Core competencies are based on strategic capabilities and ate built up over time through commitment and experience. Core competencies and strategic capabilities are interlinked so that many strategic capabilities make a core competence. The combinations of a firms core competencies result into its strategic competitive advantage often known as its competitive position in the market. Overall, strategic competitive advantages must be valuable, rare, costly and non-substitutable so that they only uniquely belong to the firm to enable it outcome its rivals. Strategic competitive advantage and core competencies are primary indicators of effective use of resources about their rivals. Conclusively, the internal environment of an organization determines what it c an do. The concept of resources, core competencies, strategic capabilities and strategic competitive advantages show how well positioned a company is and its ability to make use of the opportunities and reducing threats to be in a position to improve profit margins. Case study, Tesla Inc. Company Tesla, Inc is a company located in the United States dealing with manufacturing, designing, development and the sale of electric vehicles and energy generation and storage systems. The company has a reputable brand known for its innovativeness(Chen, 2016). In spite of the competitive pressure from its rivals, its innovativeness has supported the global growth of its business. However, the company is recently experiencing limited global interactions, and it, therefore, must address this weakness and make efforts to maintain global competitiveness and growth. Tesla, Inc has various internal strategies that empower it to outcompete other companies and ensure profitability in the long run (Mosey, 2015). These factors are innovativeness, reputable brand image and proper control of the production process. This big and trusted brand enables it to attract new customers and retain the existing ones(Sia, 2015). The company exercises secure control of the production process by ensuring that it manufactures both the products and their components on their own to prevent loopholes created by the third party. It also has weaknesses that have to be addressed to maintain its competitive advantages and enable it to reach its long-term goals successfully. These weaknesses can be overcome trough reforms, initiatives, and strategies aimed at maintaining the supremacy of the brand and ensuring that the company remains the best and in a position to reach its long-term goals(Wieland, 2016). These weaknesses are high prices, limited market presence, and limited supply chain. The company sells most of its products in the USA and this limits business growth. The company is not rapidly increasing its market and thus growing slowly. The diagram below shows its strengths and weaknesses. Strengths Weakness Innovativeness Selling products as high prices Having a renown brand Limited supply chain Proper control of production process Lack of market diversification References Chen, Y. (2016). Business strategy and auditor reporting. Auditing. A Journal of Practice Theory, 6 (8), 34-50. Mosey, S. (2015). Entrepreneurial strategy. Building an Entrepreneurial Organisation , 3 (6), 76-90. Sandberg, J. (2014). Understanding human competence at work: an interpretative approach. Academy of management journal, 4 (9), 67-87. Sia, S. (2015). How DBS Bank Pursued a Digital Business Strategy. MIS Quarterly Executive, 7 (5), 54-87. Wieland, H. (2016). Business models as a service strategy. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 5 (7), 54-77.

Spartacus Essays - Third Servile War, Roman Gladiators,

Spartacus Who was Spartacus and what was his influence on Roman civilization? Both these questions and more will be answered in our report. Spartacus was born and eventually sold into slavery. He was born in the Roman city of Thrace. There he joined and later deserted the ever powerful army of Rome. Little did he know that what was once his home army would turn to be the army threatening to kill him and his followers. In 71 B.C., after being caught as a deserter of the Roman army, he was sold as a slave to a gladiator trainer in Capua. He was then, trained as a gladiator for the spectators at coliseums. He was trained well and soon escaped from the tight grip of slavery. In 73 B.C., he and his fellow gladiator trainees escaped to the safety of the fabled Mount Vesuvius. There, he and his small group of followers met up with thousands of runaway slaves like themselves. The slaves had all gathered to mount one of the bloodiest, largest rebellions in all of time. As Spartacus as the leader, the rebel force in and around the mountain prepared themselves for war. This rebel uprising in southern Italy was later known as the Third Servile war, also known as the Gladiator's war. Spartacus's forces soon advanced and plundered miles of land. In this time, they were met by two Roman armies and destroyed them both. The rebel's forces soon overran all of southern Italy and looked like a formidable opponent for the Roman Empire. Spartacus quickly moved into the Cisalpine Gaul region, which was south of their previous position, and soon enough had defeated three Roman armies. Spartacus's armies decided to remain in Italy for the sake of plunder and marched even farther south. Spartacus had taken them here so that their armies would disperse and the soldiers could return home. Unfortunately many men did not return and they decided to stay and plunder the area. Once again they were met by the Roman armies led by the commander, Marcus Licinus Crassus. The rebel armies soon found great difficulties. The Roman army fought hard and soon pushed them into the narrow peninsula of Rhegium (now Reggio di Calabria). Spartacus's armies were now forced with the problem of escape. One night while the Romans were off guard, the rebels snuck past the Romans and fled to Lucania. At this point, Spartacus's armies had suffered severe casualties and were not very quick to move. The Roman Armies quickly pursued and in a last and final stand, the rebels fought hard but were soon surmounted by the overpowering Roman forces. In this last battle, Spartacus himself was killed and many of his followers suffered the same fate. Upon Spartacus's death, that marked the end of this great insurrection. The remaining followers of Spartacus soon fled the battle and retreated to the north. They were soon met by the armies of Pompey the Great and quickly obliterated by the large armies. All the prisoners obtained by the Romans during this great rebellion were crucified by the Roman armies. Just a few years later, one of the most famous people of all time would suffer the same means of execution. This Rebellion had a lasting effect on civilization because it showed the will power of the commoners and of slaves that, if in all cooperation, could easily overthrow any government. This brought about many reforms to balance wealth and power In conclusion, we hope you have learned from this brief report on the trials and tribulation's of Spartacus and his loyal followers who stuck with him till the end. History Reports

Marketing Plan Apple Inc

Objectives The company pursues many objectives with the marketing plan. The objectives will be specific, measurable, attainable and timely (Trika, 2010). In other words, Apple Inc will follow the SMART model in developing and implementing its objectives. The marketing objectives of the company includesAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To improving the customer engagement and relationship with the company and its products by 50% To increase the company’s website traffic by 45% To increase the presence of the company’s brand across the social media channels by 50% To improve on the positive feedback concerning the company brand by 40% The objectives must be attained within three years. However, increasing the website traffic as well as the presence of the company’s brand is expected to be attained within the first year of the plan. In fact, the presence of the company’s brand will be attained by increasing the number of times the products are mentioned on the social media. In addition, the number of comments as well as the number of followers within the social networking sites applied by the company will also measure the brand presence. The numbers of comments are expected to reach 1000 by the end of the first year of the plan while the numbers of followers are expected to reach 1650 in the same year. The number of individuals and the companies that have visited the website will measure the objective of increasing the number of traffic. The objectives are attainable given the set targets against the period. In addition, given the past trends, the results can be achieved within the given time. Content Most of the information will be retrieved from the company website. However, other related marketing journals will also provide valuable information concerning the marketing plan. Most importantly, the marketi ng researches that have been conducted will provide valuable information to be applied in this plan (Wild, 2012). Moreover, the reports from the promotions, conference presentations as well as other events will provide valuable information on the company’s performance. In essence, the external sources of information will includes The websites including the applied social media websites as well as the search engine websites. Articles written concerning the company Journals both academic and non academic concerning the company and its brand products Marketing research reports that have been conducted concerning the company and its products Reports from the company marketing activities including promotions, presentations and events Blog posts regarding the company products, brand and activities Press releases concerning the company brands as well as the products Video records on the company events Text messages and e-mails received by the company regarding the products and the brand. Networks Depending on the objectives and the target clients, Apple Company will explore various innovative social media platforms to promote its services in order to reach its targeted users. The social sites have offered new opportunities for the company to promote its products and services as well as reach the target users at reduced costs. Facebook The main social networking site that the company will utilize is facebook. Currently, facebook is the largest social networking site in the world (Hemley, 2013). Facebook will allow the company to reach the target market through users’ profile information such as different age brackets as well as their attention altitudes. For example, most of the younger generation use of phones and ipads for online socialization. Studies show that people between the ages 21-24 are the biggest users of facebook at about 17% (Bowker, 2013). Because of this popularity, the social site provides a good site for the company to increase its p resence as well as the brand to the target market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More LinkedIn Another important social networking site the company will utilize is LinkedIn. Primarily, LinkedIn promotions target people with certain aptitudes and designations. Therefore, it is considered a complex form of experts’ social networking since allows communication between professionals such as accountancy and legal services among others within the Apple Company (Close, 2012). Due to the proficient information LinkedIn uses in its commercials, it is useful in adverts targeting the professionals. Twitter Twitter provides the best platform for the company to increase its presence among the users of its products (Jacobson, 2013). Twitter is currently developing self-service commercial methods targeting an array of people particularly the company’s target group. In addition, the twitter target enthusiasts of the open and common social site handlers. Twitter mostly target users within the age bracket of twenty-five and above. Therefore, Apple Company that intends to attract the age groups will embrace the use of twitter to increase its presence. Implementation and monitoring schedule As indicated, the objectives and goals of the plan will be implemented within three years and the expected the result will measured against the set targets (Gamse, 2012). Within three years, the overall results of the marketing plan are expected to be attained and benefit the company. Moreover, the set objectives will be monitored and evaluated against the expected results (Zarrella, 2009). Upon realization that the expected results cannot be attained, the goal will be redefined and oriented according to the needs of the market. However, such circumstances are not expected since the situation has been analyzed through the application of SWOT and PESTLE models reducing the ch ances of any eventuality. The evaluation of the progress will conducted on six months interval within three years period. The implementation and monitoring schedule indicated will be applied in the evaluation of the expected results. objective Expected results Attained results Period covered Expected timeline Customer engagement 50% 3 Years Website traffic 45% 1 Year Brand presence 50% 1 Year Positive feedback 40% 3 Years As shown in the implementation and monitoring schedule, the attained results will be measured on half-yearly basis pegged on the expected results. In the period covered column, the number of months will be recorded and checked against the expected timeline as well as the progress in the attained results. In case the attained results rise against the increasing number of months, then the results are positive. However, in case the attained results decrease with the increasing number of months, the results are negative. Under the circumstances th at the results are negative, a timeline may be prolonged or the objective may be redefined depending on the practical feedback.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are several activities involved in the implementation process. The activities are critical in the attainment of the set objectives (Baron Shane, 2008). Activities such as training of the staff, engaging with the target audience and developing the content are significant in the implementation of the marketing plan. Such activities will also be taken into consideration during the implementation process. Measuring the success of the goals As mentioned before, the performance of the goals will be measured on their performance against the set targets. In addition, the success of the goals will be measured based on the SMART model. In other words, the goals of the company will be deemed successfu l when the expected results are attained (Ash, 2013). In this case, however, once the goals have reached or surpassed the set percentage, then the goal will be deemed successful. The first objective was to increase the customer engagement by 50 % across all the social media the company will utilize. The number of posts on the company’s social media page as well as followers will measure customer engagement (Ash, 2013). The company expects to increase the number to 10, 000 within three years. The number will account for an increase of 50% of the total number the company currently have. In case the targets are attained within the specified period, then the objective has met the requirement and is deemed successful. Similarly, the presence of the company’s brand will be measured by the number of times the products are mentioned on the social media. In addition, the number of comments as well as the number of followers within the social networking sites applied by the comp any will be used to measure the brand presence. The numbers of comments are expected to reach 1000 by the end of the first year of the plan while the numbers of followers are expected to reach 1650 in the same year. The number of individuals and the companies that have visited the website will measure the objective of increasing the traffic. Under the circumstances that the set targets are achieved, then the goals and objects are deemed successful. References Ash, M. (2013). Understand the real value of lead generation to generate the greatest return. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Baron, R. Shane, A. (2008). Entrepreneurship: A process perspective. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. Bowker, S. (2013). A summary of what marketers can learn from the Data-Driven Marketing Survey 2013, Europe. Web. Close, A. G. (2012). Online consumer behavior: theory and research in social media, advertising and E-Tail. London, UK: Routledge. Gamse, P. (2012). 42 Rules for a web presence that wins: essential business strategy for website and social media success. Washington, DC: Happy About. Hemley, D. (2013). 26 tips to create a strong social media content strategy. Web. Jacobson, J. L. (2013). 42 rules of social media for small business. Washington, DC: Happy About. Trika, J. (2010). Buyer’s guide on choosing the right search engine marketing agencies and tools. Bloomington, Indiana: AuthorHouse. Wild, M. (2012). Social media marketing strategy report. Journal of Marketing Research, 46(12), 67-73. Zarrella, D. (2009). The social media marketing. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reil ly Media. This essay on Marketing Plan: Apple Inc was written and submitted by user Ali Huff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy The WritePass Journal

The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy Abstract The Principal Legacies of Imperialism for the Contemporary World Economy AbstractIntroduction Principal Legacies of Imperialism on the Contemporary World Economy Conclusion ReferencesRelated Abstract This study explores the principal legacies of imperialism for the contemporary world economy. The findings indicate that although colonialism ended many years ago, its effects and policies still remain in the global economy and it is being aided by globalisation. The developed economies use foreign aid and multinationals to control the economies of the developing countries. Introduction The modern world economy has been influenced by both imperialism and the experience of colonialism. Western imperialism dominated the global history in the last 200 years and it transformed both the third world and western nations in terms of culture, economy, politics and socialisation (Dutt, 2006). The term imperialism was derived from a Latin word imperator meaning autocratic power and centralised government (Smith Dawson Books, 2008). As such imperialism involves one country dominating another country or other countries in ways that benefit it and not the latter. The impact of Europe on the world economy is significant because it has shaped the economic sphere. The legacy of imperialism exists in the form of communication networks, economic structures and ties to metropolitan economies typifying former colonies. Principal Legacies of Imperialism on the Contemporary World Economy Imperialism was the precursor of globalisation that characterises the contemporary world economy (Chattopadhyaya Das, 2007).   This legacy is not entirely benign and the effects of the restructuring of economies of the former colonies have led to dependency on the metropole’s economies. Colonialism had to be stopped because it was exploitative, displaced people from their natural status and transferred wealth from one country to the other. However, globalisation came up to replace imperialism by achieving the same results but this time legitimately and in a manner that is politically correct (Ramana Observer Research Foundation, 2008). The World Trade Organisation and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade legitimised this legacy of imperialism through putting in place trade agreements to eliminate trade barriers. This ensures that countries participate in their own subjugation and in the process transform themselves into neo-colonial states (Hont, 2005). Globalisation has not led to economic equality and interdependence as it is often claimed. It has instead made the lesser developed countries dependent on the developed countries (Dunning Lundan, 2008). In addition to this, it has also led to indebtedness to the International Financial Institutions owned by the west. In some cases it has also led to unfair competition, greater debt and increased poverty. Although globalisation has created wealth for some countries, it has also increased poverty for others. Dutt (2006) adds that it is a more efficient way of exploiting other nations with the help of established international institutions and mechanisms designed to entrap the lesser developed countries through creating economic dependency, debt, and increasing poverty. However unlike colonialism these countries cannot revolt against the loss of their sovereignty. This is because any attempts to revolt could make them lose economic aid that would result in economic and human crisis. Th is is a huge risk that these countries are never willing to risk. All these are consequences of the structuring of the economies of the former colonies making them dependent on exports, monoculture and fluctuations in the global market. Imperialism created a political economic reality of dependency and exploitation because most of the lesser developed economies do not have full control of their economic affairs (Hont, 2005).   There are counterarguments that political economies have lives of their own which make them not fully controllable or that globalisation has taken away such control from all countries. However this perception does not take into account the fact that there is a huge difference in the extent of control. The northern nation states have a relatively strong position because of the financial institutions and multinationals which give them higher control over their political economies (Tester, 2010). The southern nation states on the other hand are impoverished, indebted and dependent on foreign investment and foreign aid. Therefore neo-colonialism steps in because these nation states have reduced control. The contemporary world economy is organised around capitalist imperialism characterised by systematic accumulation of capital through organised labour exploitation and penetrating overseas markets. The capital imperialists make investments in the other countries, transforms and then dominates their economies. Additionally, they integrate their productive and financial structures into the international system of capital accumulation (Chattopadhyaya Das, 2007). Expansion is the central imperative of capitalism because investors only pursue business ventures when they see opportunities for extracting more than they invest. These firms only increase their earnings when their enterprises grow. As such the capitalists keep searching for ways of generating more money. They have to invest in order to generate profits and gather strengths to be able to beat off competition and unpredictable markets. Owing to its expansionary nature, capitalism has to keep exploring other opportunities away f rom home. It is this expansion that ends up destroying whole societies as people are forced to transform into disfranchised wage employees (Smith Dawson Books, 2008). Consumer societies, mass market and mass media replace folk cultures and indigenous societies. Agribusiness factory farms supplant cooperative lands, centralised autocracies supplant autonomous regions and desolate shanty towns replace villages. European and North American corporations have acquired and now control over 75% of mineral resources in Africa, Asia and Latin America (Dunning Lundan, 2008). However, the pursuit for natural resources is not the only reason for expanding operations overseas. They also need to lower the cost of production and maximise profits through investing in economies with cheaper labour markets. They make over 50% profits in the lesser developed countries compared to their home countries because of factors like low wages, weak labour unions, low taxes, weak or non-existent environmental and occupational protections and non-existent work benefits (Guo Guo, 2010). For instance Citibank which is one of the largest US firms makes about approximately 75% of its profits from its operations overseas (Ramana Observer Research Foundation, 2008). Imperialism has made it possible for the multinational firms to continue growing even at a time when their home markets are sluggish because of the dramatic growth in the foreign markets which still remain unexploited. Currently some 400 transnational companies control approximately 80% capital assets in the free global market (Hobson, 2005). These companies have developed global production lines across the lesser developed countries. Multiple sourcing allows these transnational companies to overcome strikes in one country by increasing production in the other countries.   By playing the workers of different countries against each other, they discourage them from making demands on wage and benefit increments which undermine the strategies of labour unions. These firms find cheap labour, natural resources and other profitable conditions in the less developed countries. This is what enables them to generate huge profits which they then repatriate back to their home countries. Both national and local governments often compete in attracting multinational companies with huge expectations in terms of employment provision, tax revenues and economic activity (Sharp, 2009). These governments offer the companies incentives in terms of lax labour or environmental regulations, pledges of government assistance, tax breaks and other subsidies. Other than offering these governments a promise of economic growth, these companies exert power over government through their technical and intellectual property. For instance Microsoft has software patents and Adidas has patents on shoe designs. The patents allow these corporations to exercise their monopolistic powers in the local economy and in the process inhibit the growth of the local enterprises. Additionally, this monopoly helps them maintain low costs of labour and at times even exploitative. Owing to the size of these corporations, they often influence government policies using threats of withdrawal from the market (L ouis, 2006). This forces the governments of the lesser developed states to make polices that benefit the corporations rather than protecting the rights of the citizens. Therefore these corporations exploit the local labour force and funnel the important resources away from these countries into their home countries. In this way globalisation has made the lesser developed economies to be dependent on the developed countries. The multinational companies also cause uneven distribution of benefits because the resources are diverted from the local people into foreign markets (Louis, 2006).   For instance land that could have been used to produce food for the local populations is used by these corporations to grow cash crops for their operations. This leads to high costs of food for the local populations as they are at times forced to import what they could produce locally if their natural resources were effectively utilised. In addition to this, fresh produce are packaged for the international markets where they will fetch more money rather than feeding the local populations. This is the reason why foreign dependency has led to widespread malnutrition in many lesser developed economies (Tester, 2010). Conclusion In conclusion, this study has explored the principles legacies of imperialism on the contemporary world economy. The findings indicate that the developed economies still manage the economies of former colonies and the developing economies using different mechanisms like aid and multinational companies with the aid of globalisation. Economic globalisation has also led to unequal economic relations between the developed and the developing economies. The governments of the lesser developed economies act more in the interests of the multinationals and other economies that provide them with aid instead of acting independently on behalf of the citizens. This creates a feeling of economic connection with the lesser developed economies feeling that they cannot survive on their own.   Therefore the dependent relations that were established under colonialism still continue to dominate the world economy through economic imperialism or neo-colonialism. References Chattopadhyaya, D. P., Das, G. J. B. (2007)  Science, technology, imperialism and war. New Delhi: Pearson Longman. Dunning, J. H., Lundan, S. M. (2008)  Multinational enterprises and the global economy. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Dutt, S. (2006).  India in a Globalized World. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Guo, S., Guo, B. (2010).  Greater China in an era of globalization. Lanham, Md: Rowman Littlefield. Hobson, J. A. (2005).  Imperialism: A study. New York: Cosimo. Hont, I. (2005).  Jealousy of trade: International competition and the nation state in historical perspective. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. Louis, W. R. (2006).  Ends of British imperialism: The scramble for empire, Suez and decolonization : collected essays. London: I.B. Tauris. Ramana, P. V., Observer Research Foundation. (2008).  The Naxal challenge: Causes, linkages, and policy options. New Delhi: Pearson Education. Sharp, J. P. (2009).  Geographies of post-colonialism. London: SAGE. Smith, D., Dawson Books. (2008).  The dragon and the elephant: China, India and the new world order. London: Profile. Tester, K. (2010).  Humanitarianism and modern culture. University Park, Pa: The Pennsylvania State University Press.

Commercial Rental Market in Midwestern City Research Paper

Commercial Rental Market in Midwestern City - Research Paper Example Per square foot annual rental cost = 43.12 + 7.47 * Occupancy - 3.9 * Wiring1 - 0.9 * Distance to City Center - 0.76 * Distance to Airport + 0.53 * Number of Elevator - 0.35 * Length of Lease - 0.11 * Years to last Renovations + 0.09 * Building Age. For a 3 year lease of 50,000 sqft of newly renovated and wired space that is one mile away from city center and fifteen miles away from the nearest airport, with 75% occupancy, three elevators, four years since last renovations in a ten year old building, the predicted per square foot annual cost of rent is $34, and predicted total annual cost of rent is $1,701,712. An office that is ten miles away from the airport its per square foot rent is valued on the real estate market at $33, while an office that is twenty miles away from the airport is valued at $26, with a discount value of 70% per mile. Similarly, the presence of office wiring is valued at $34.5, while no office wiring at $30.6, with a discount value of 10%. An office with 0.75 occupancy is valued at $29.8 per square foot, while an office with 0.97 occupancy is valued at $31.5. Potential savings are best made by increasing the distan

Article Critique Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critique - Article Example ectively in the beginning of the study, as it is evident in the following line, â€Å"The purpose of this study was to obtain the first-person perspective of the students themselves, a perspective†¦about the academic experience of black students† (Davis et al, 2004, p. 420). The literature appears to be pertinent and all-encompassing for the purpose of the study. In a comprehensive way, Davis et al reviewed the literatures that relates the purpose of this study and outlined its salient features. It mainly covers the following areas of the study: a. a full statistical view of the population of black students in the universities if the countries (American Council on Education, 1988; U.S. Census Bureau, 1993), b. the discrepancy between the enrollments of white students and black students (Echols, 1998; Steele, 1999), c. nature of the prevailing â€Å"atmosphere for minority student learning† (Davis et al, 2004, p. 420) in the educational institutions (Sue et al, 1999; Katz & Hass, 1988), d. attitude of white students to black students (Bjerklie, 2001), e. â€Å"important aspects of the black college experience† (Davis et al, 2004, p. 422). These broad descriptions and findings of the literatures assisted Davis et al to prepare the outline of their investigation. The procedure of the study appears to in fair concordance with the subjective purpose. Davis et al approached the participants of the study with phenomenological interviewing process. In the first place, they justified their decision -of using phenomenological interview- by focusing on the salient features of the interviewing process as Davis et al asserted that their interview mainly â€Å"concerns the â€Å"what† of an experience and seeks to capture the specific meanings uniquely characterizing that experience† (Davis et al, 2004, p. 423). Their investigation was based on the clues found within the proceeding of the interview, as they said, â€Å"After the initial question is asked, a phenomenological interview

Jade figure of a hound Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jade figure of a hound - Research Proposal Example The artwork is in three dimensional, and it is in the form of a small sculpture. For instance, the artwork is symbolic of the importance given to domestic animals in Ancient China. Michael Sullivan opined that, â€Å"To many people â€Å"Ming† means not painting-for only recently has Ming painting come to be appreciated outside China- but the decorative arts.† Besides, one cannot identify any sort of sharp edges on the artwork because the edges are round in shape. The artwork can be divided as: dog’s head, body, and legs. To be specific, the head is pointed backwards and this fills the viewer’s mind with enthusiasm. To be specific, the dog’s head (especially the eyes) is the focal point of the artwork because the dog is expecting something and looking backwards. The next element in the artwork is the dog’s body, and the same is symbolic of the importance of proportion in art. The next element is the legs, symbolic of warmth and peacefulness. In short, the proportionate alignment of artistic elements proves that the artwork was produced by an artist who is interested in observing animals, especially their shape and size. The artwork consists of curves, symbolic of the athletic shape of animals, especially among dogs and other domesticated animals. The overall size of the artwork is related to the normal size of a dog. One can see that the artist did not try to alter the natural colour of jade and the lines and curves on the artwork prove the same. To be specific, the artist made use of jade as a medium to produce his artwork.

Case study for a client with schizophrenia

Case study for a client with schizophrenia and has had three admissions to hospital the last one five years ago ,her name hala ,at the age of 35 year old ,she live with her brother but tend to be a bit overprotective ,not allowed to take much responsibility in the home or to go out alone . The clinical picture of the client: It include the, signs symptoms for the client. Hala has moderately severe negative symptoms ,The negative symptoms of schizophrenia, defined as the absence or diminution of normal behaviors and functions , negative symptoms account for much of the long-term morbidity and poor functional outcome of patients with schizophrenia.. The signs and symptoms of schizophrenia are numerous and debilitating , these symptoms are the lack of important abilities . Some of these include: 1)Alogia: or poverty of speech, is the lessening of speech fluency and productivity, inability to carry a conversation ,thought to reflect slowing or blocked thoughts, and often manifested as short, empty replies to questions. 2) Affective flattening: is the reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression, including facial expression, voice tone, eye contact (person seems to stare, doesnt maintain eye contact in a normal process), and is not able to interpret body language nor use appropriate body language. 3) Avolition: is the reduction, difficulty, or inability to initiate and persist in goal-directed behavior; it is often mistaken for apparent disinterest. ) Inappropriate social skills or lack of interest or ability to socialize with other people. (examples of avolition include: no longer interested in going out and meeting with friends, no longer interested in activities that the person used to show enthusiasm for, no longer interested in much of anything, sitting in the house for many hours a day doing nothing.) . 4) Catatonia: Apparent unawareness of the environment, near total absence of motion and speech, aimless body movements and bizarre postures, lack of self-care. 5) Social isolation : person spends most of the day alone or only with close family, and inability to make friends or keep friends, or not caring to have friends. 6) Low energy :the person tends to sit around and sleep much more than normal. The client is being worked upon with the following MDT: Psychiatrist: the psychiatrist works with the client using needed medication, such as Prozac. Psychologist: the psychologist works with the client using different approaches, in order to understand her, and her behaviors, through talking, observingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Social worker: the social worker works with the client in understanding difficulties that the client has, that affect her social lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦for example not going to work, the thing that affects her social relations and networks. Physician and nursing: the physician is a general doctor that follows up the clients medical status. On the other hand, the nursing team is available in the institution for the clients need to be supervised by a medical team, for if someone would have a relapse, an action would be done, such as giving injections. Finally, the MDT works together, by meetings and reports about each client. She is treated with medication and visits the out patient clinic at the hospital every three months to see her doctor. she reliable about raking her medication and keeping her outpatient appointments. treatment may include: behavioral therapy: patients with schizophrenia improve their social skills and put structure in their lives. Through social skills training, they may learn how to make requests, express feelings, and adjust their voices and facial expressions. The impact of the illness will have on the clients occupational functioning The impact of these symptoms on ADL, work, and liesure. Activities of daily living require the ability to start and repeat purposful task performance so that become habitual or routine and these tasks or activities include: bathing, grooming, and dressing, washing hands before a meal, eating with resonable table manners, then cleaning up. Persons who have schizophrenia may find routin task performance interrupted by symptoms, side effects of medication, and progression of schizophrenia. Auditory or visual hallucinations may interrupt attention, and tactile discomfort with texture of materials may limit occupational performance. Many ADL routines become challenging in the presence of motor problems produced by negative symptoms and the neurological side effects of medications. Incoordination, tremores, rigidity, or slow movement may interfere with tasks like replacing caps on bottles, shaving, and using eating utensils. In the psychological area, major barriers to ADL are pathy, avolition, or extreme withdrawal. Even persons who show inter est in social interaction may not complete the self-maintenance tasks that would increase social acceptance. They are unable to engage themselves in tasks and may depend on others to involve them. fainally, self-management difficulties in schizophrenia influenece ADL performance to a great extent. Routines are abandoned when persons are unable to cope with environmental or internal stressors. Time management and self control become weak. Work Ofen persons with schizophrenia have difficulty finding satisfactory housing or keeping a job because of psychological, and self-management performance difficulties. Also, negative symptoms such as withdrawal, avolition, substance abuse, neurological impairment, medication side effects, and coexisting medical conditions make work performance impossible for many. The modelframe of reference I used to guide the assessment and intervention with the client: Frame of reference :MOHO model of human occupation I chose MOHO because it : 1)Furnishes a detailed framework of the occupational functioning of hala. 2)Enables precise measurement and useful description of hala occupational characteristics . 3)Give specific and detailed guidelines and tools for evaluating hala ,a specific language for describing the difficulties or challenges encountered ,and a framework for setting treatment goals and selecting the most appropriate strategy to achieve the desired level of change . 4)allows for a flexible approach to individualized therapy for hala and provides a comprehensive picture of the occupational functioning . 5)provides a conceptualization of the process and stages of change that was useful for guiding the sequence of therapy (including deciding when hala is ready to move from one level of change to another). how I assess the client I chose an activity during the assessment ,I chose washes plastic plates I chose ACIS assessment (( assessment of communication and interaction skills)). The ACIS is a formal observational tool ,to measure an individuals performance in an occupational form within a social group ,that allows occupational therapist to determine a clients strengths and weaknesses in interacting and communicating with others in the course of daily occupations. I chose ACIS assessment because ,it is most effectively used to generate a profile of strengths and weaknesses and qualitative details about my client ,this profile is the most important source of information for deciding what skills to target for change. ACIS is often helpful for understanding why is my client having difficulty with some interaction skills . The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM): to detect change in a clients self-perception of occupational performance over time. Follow the links below for further information about the COPM.   intervention process Assess clients level of disorientation to determine specific requirements for safety. Skill training interventions: Identify areas of skill deficit person is willing to work on. determine the goals for the client (shortlong terms goals) first I will establish the goals together with hala I will determine the goals from the deficit in her function ,from observation during the activity ,from the assessment ,and the client can ask me about some ability that she want to return it . Long term goal: to let her take much responsibility in the home ,allow her go out alone without any danger to her ,or her health or people .for example let her visit the hospital to see her doctor. Let her work for example secretary as she trained in the past ,or work in an office as she worked at age 21. Let her feeling more confident in social situations , can be operationalised by identifying performance indicators Short term: engaging in activity, increased motivation,improved judgment, increased energy, ability to experience pleasure and cognitive Function. factors that affect or important in assisting the client to reach the goals: important factor: the client :good response to the medication ,the acceptance of his situation, less number and the range of episodes, if she like the activity .her tolerance and endurance during the activity ,assessment and medication. Environment :good interaction with his environment ,feel some degree of safety in the therapy environment and in his living environment . Factors that might affect the clients program: Client :forget take the medication, she didnt like the activity or it is not suitable for her ,there is no therapeutic relationship., Family members may require support as clients in their own right.   They may also play a key role as an extension of the therapy team.   Where children are involved, a careful assessment of child safety is required, generally by someone specifically trained in this area such as a child protection worker

Essay --

ley Mack Ms. Barr English 9 Honors December 11, 2013 The Morality of It All â€Å"A system of morality which is based on relative emotional values is a mere illusion, a thoroughly vulgar conception which has nothing sound in it and nothing true†; this Socratic idea demonstrates a very distinct concept of morality. It shows that morality is not to be based on emotion, but on logic. If a person chooses to use their emotions to fuel a system of morality, things could go downhill quickly. Just like Socrates had to choose between emotions and logic, in Homer’s epic poem, The Odyssey, the protagonist Odysseus struggles between emotions and logic as he tries to get his crew back safely after the Trojan War has ended. As he embarks on his journey home, he is faced with many obstacles and options that question his ethical beliefs. As time goes by and more and more of his crew eventually die off, he successfully moves on past his setbacks and finds himself back in his kingdom of Ithaca, only to discover it crawling with suitors attempting to woo his wife , Penelope. Odysseus is mostly construed as a tragic war hero with many flaws. He finds himself in many life-threatening situations as a direct result of his actions, he is characterized by having too much pride, and he is unfaithful to his wife. However, Odysseus is very much so still a hero because he perseveres and has an internal drive that gets him home no matter what, despite the fact his hubris is one of his biggest hindrances, his pride gets his men out of many dangerous situations, and even though he is physically adulterous to his wife, he emotionally longs for her then entire time he tries to reach home. Particularly, Odysseus is challenged with many treacherous obstacles, yet he finds... ...pon himself. As well. He reveals that he blinds the son of a god, and he falls to temptation. Throughout this experience, though, Odysseus tries to better himself, as you can see when he moves past Circe and Calypso to try to get home to his wife. He may still make a mistake now and then, but he is better than he was before. Odysseus is very much like people today. He tries his hardest to be the best he can, but sometimes fails to reach his goal and makes and error. Just like modern-day people, Odysseus is flawed. He had his hindrances, just like them. Newer generations most likely learn to make mistakes because they grow up watching their elders make mistakes. It is human nature to do something wrong now and again. Just because someone has flaws does not make them a bad person and Odysseus demonstrates how a good person could have imperfections through their values

Wonder Drug

Wonder Drug Most people know that Penicillin is an extremely important drug, but few know just how important and influential it really is. Think about what life would be like today without it. What would be of contemporary medicine today? Would society as a whole succumb to these relentless infinitesimal organisms? What would have been of one’s ancestors if they too like so many before and after incurred a serious infection? This essay shall explore these questions and many like it. It will explain why penicillin is undoubtedly the best medication of the century, perhaps the best medication ever in existence.Penicillin is produced by a bread mold, known as Penicillium. The discovery of Penicillin sometimes referred to as the â€Å"wonder drug† has been the most important drug to date. It has the ability to kill just about any bacterial infection and at the time of it’s creation there was no other drug or anything like it. To this date it has saved millions of chi ldren, women, men and animals. The wonder drug was originally discovered purely by accident by one Alexander Fleming, a Scottish Scientist in the year 1928.Penicillin was later developed further by many different Scientists who were able to use it to create numerous versions of antibiotics to cure a vast range of illnesses. Antibiotics have been used for several years in treatment for a variety of skin disorders, sexually transmitted diseases, strep throat, and respiratory illnesses. Before Penicillin was discovered, if one were to have a serious infection, death was irrefutable. People often would die of the smallest wounds due to bacterial infections. Bacteria mutates quite often, creating antibiotic-resistant organisms. Which makes it become resistant to the drug.Even with this said, there are still only a small amount of bacteria that Penicillin and it’s predecessors can not tackle and over come. One of Penicillin’s most advertised uses was for combating sexually t ransmitted diseases. There are websites that show old advertisements for penicillin on the side of mailboxes that shamelessly state, â€Å"Penicillin cures gonorrhea in four hours see your doctor today. †   Believe it or not during the late 1940’s researchers from the United States performed experimental studies in Guatemala. They had to because these types of studies were not allowed in the states.So with the cooperation of the Guatemalan government, local prostitutes were used to pass on STD’s to prisoners, insane asylum patients, and Guatemalan soldiers to test the wonder drug’s effectiveness. Out of approximately thirteen hundred infected people, eighty three died. Although at that time it was not possible to establish if the experiments were the actual cause of death. Penicillin made a major difference in the amount of amputees and deaths during World War II. Because of the difficulties of manufacturing large amounts of Penicillin, availability was extremely limited.Imagine what the death toll would have been if Penicillin had not been made readily available? In fact Penicillin was so scarce, that in it’s infancy, medical personnel would collect the urine from patients and filter the drug from the urine and reuse it. This is because Penicillin passes through the body at rapid rate, usually in about three to four hours. So some may wonder what makes Penicillin so significant, and what makes it the most important medical drug that has ever come into existence? A lot would argue perhaps Morphine or even the Smallpox vaccines are better examples for the most valuable drug.And although one who would argue this may have some validity to one’s argument in an overall comparison there is really no comparison. Smallpox was a devastating disease that crippled the world, the survival rate was approximately seventy percent, which left the other thirty percent of it’s victims suffering immensely. One who contracted thi s disease would develop blisters and a high fever and often feel malaise with head and body aches and sometimes experience violent vomiting. The blisters were excruciatingly painful and there was little to ease the pain and suffering for its victims.The fever was like none other, often so high that it would cause seizures and hallucinations. It was not until the year 1796 that the Smallpox vaccine was created by a scientist named Edward Jenner. Yet as significant of a vaccine this was it does not outweigh the benefits of Penicillin. At the time Smallpox was a great vaccine for the world. After the world wide eradication though, there was no longer a demand for it. The only people who receive the vaccine currently are military personnel and government contractors traveling overseas. Which in a way is better considering the risks of the vaccine.Some of the risks include seizures, an actual mild case of smallpox, risk spreading it to others by being careless with one’s open woun ds, plus it only provides ninety five percent immunity for up to five years. Penicillin has a decent amount of competing antibiotic drugs such as Clindamycin, Azithromycin, Doxycyclin. First and foremost these would not be in existence if it wasn’t for the creation of Penicillin to perpetuate the making of these. All of the competitor drugs are just various versions of Penicillin so as one can see there is very little argument that it’s predecessors are only what they are because of Penicillin’s creation.The only difference between all of these is the functionality due to the amino group and the gram spectrum of the bacteria one heals. This basically means that each one of these targets a different part or kind of bacteria, but still uses the same principle of the original drug. This is why as stated above there is no argument when it comes to the importance of the creation of Penicillin. This essay has explored what Penicillin is, why it is so influential, and who has benefited from it.It has been used in an array of situations from anything such as a sexually transmitted diseases to strep throat. There is no discrediting the fact that without Penicillin the world as one knows it would never have come into existence, this is why Penicillin is conclusively the most important medical drug ever in existence. Works Cited â€Å"Drugs. † Questions and Answers for Consumers on Penicillin G Procaine. Food and Drug Administration, 23 May 2003. Web. 11 Mar. 2013. . â€Å"Smallpox Disease Overview. † CDC Smallpox. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 30 Dec. 2004. Web. 11 Mar. 2013. .

The Scarlet Letter and The Young Goodman by Hawthorne

The Scarlet Letter and The Young Goodman by Hawthorne Introduction Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote two stories by the title, â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† and â€Å"Young Goodman† in which he displays his authorial voice by mirroring the societies from their dark ends as shown by the puritan cultures. In â€Å"The Scarter Letter,† Hawthorne employs psychological fiction to display the innate evilness of human beings (Johnson 75).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† and â€Å"The Young Goodman† by Hawthorne specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, â€Å"The Young Goodman† is a story that revolves around wickedness that exists in the society and the role of characters in discovering these truths. Although the two stories vary in setting, the author uses similar thematic representations in portraying his concerns about the nature of the society during this moment (Johnson 75). In this paper, my ana lysis seeks to explore the similarities and differences between the two stories. Further, the analysis shall exhibit how the author succeeds in asserting his themes. Discussion Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† primarily consists of characteristic imagery, which tends to represent the underlying nature of the characters as well as events relevant to the thematic concerns of the text (Stubbs 1440). In this authorial piece, the concepts of light and darkness serve as a constant source that carries greater influences to the plot of the text in its entirety. These literary devices employed by the author succeed in underpinning the general imperative of creating images and color inherent in the Scarlet letter (Johnson 75). The idealistic choice of light in this piece of literature highlights the characteristic intentions and thought structure of the characters together with their intrinsic qualities as depicted by the author. The application of imagery and sym bolism in this piece of work begins with symbolization of the Old general depicts the reawakening of the characters upon being motivated by the actions of the other person. The narrator in the Custom House asserts through recall the significant image created in his mind by saying that those he worked with regarded him â€Å"in no other light† other than smart and sensible staff. On the other hand, darkness as a descriptive device qualifies in demonstrating the characters as evil (Stubbs 1440).Advertising Looking for critical writing on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, a change in the characteristic behavior of Hawthorne’s characters accompanies the change from darkness toward the light, which enhances the understanding of the nature and degree of transformation taking place from within the confines of the society. The red color as cited repeatedly in the text with its applic ation in the letter depicts the society’s condemnation of the evilness of Hester (â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† 59). In Goodman, the story takes us through a rather mysterious path full of wickedness in the puritanical society. In this story, the author clearly defines the thin line between goodness and evil, hence giving an impression of creativity (â€Å"Goodman† 36). In â€Å"The Scarter letter,† the author paints the presence of sin not in the literary forests, but rather in the symbolic image portrayed by Hester (Stubbs 1440). The other similarity that embodies both stories lies in the plot setting where woods appear in both. It is through the journey within and through these woods that the value and behavior of the characters come to change. The innate isolation feature of the protagonists in both stories depicts the author’s ability to demonstrate how the two separate worlds discriminate its people by condemning them to the lasting pains ( "The Scarlet Letter† 59). Goodman spends his life secluded from the rest and similarly Hester carries a symbol for that represents her suffering and humiliation so proudly as though it was a medal. These ironical representations displayed by Hester in carrying herself around with the symbol as an act to demonstrate to the society clearly affords a vivid comparative analysis of various sides of the society such as evil and good. Conclusion In this analysis, the critical study indicates that although the two stories differ in numerous ways, they all work to demonstrate how both characters remain on an emotional trail toward discovering their identity in terms of strengths and weaknesses. For instance, although Goodman finally discovered the inherent wickedness beholden by a man, he achieved in returning with him the knowledge and acceptance of the existence of sin (Stremberg 274). In all the works, the authors have managed to paint their characters in ways that portray their act ions and the resultant effects that arise thereof. Hawthorne’s depiction of women as the victims of masculinity in the society vividly gain evidence in the case of Hester as she swallows the charges for the sin she never committed. In leveraging the male characters from their real contribution of the evil in the society merits a connotation of darkness existing within the confines of the society at the expense of the less privileged in the society (Stremberg 274).Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on â€Å"The Scarlet Letter† and â€Å"The Young Goodman† by Hawthorne specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The author demolishes the worth of females in the heavily puritanical society through Hester as the female protagonists carrying the connotations of invaluable people with no place to occupy in the society. Although the two pieces have followed completely different paths in their quest to achie ve the authorial themes, they all compare well in terms of the ability of the authors to display the ultimate discovery of the nature and place of different people in the society, and their role in shaping the minds and perception. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: Penguin, 1986. Print. .Young Goodman Brown and Other Short Stories. New York: Courier Dover Publications, 1992. Print. Johnson, Claudia. (1995). Understanding the Scarlet letter: a student casebook to issues, sources, and historical documents. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1995. Print. Stremberg, Maria. â€Å"Hawthornes Black Man: Image of Social Evil†. The Explicator 67.4 (2009): 274-275. Stubbs, John C. â€Å"Hawthorne’s ‘The Scarlet Letter’: The Theory of the Romance and the Use of the New England Situation.† PMLA 83.5 (1968): 1439–1447.

The City of Ember Essays

The City of Ember Essays The City of Ember Paper The City of Ember Paper Lina- main character of the story, portrays significance in her role as one of the main personality in discovering the mystery of the â€Å"City of Ember†, and lead the story in an act of escape from the underworld with her friend doon. Doon-plays another major character in the story, whereas, he and his friendship as messenger with the people of the city of ember, lead to discovering clues in which he himself was surprised to discover the mystery behind the 200 plus years old underground city. Other Characters th Mayor- significantly acted to be guilty in leading the story into its plot scenic as chaotic, near destruction scenario; connived with Looper in saving food and supplies for themselves; Characterized as to linked with the box of clues transferred from one generation to another and depicted to have open it to discover the message on how to escape from underground. Ms. Murdo- live with Lina and her sister, her character is linked to the story as the one who received the message of LIna on how to get up from the underground. Plot Summary The Builders of Ember, fearing an apocalyptic event, built the city to ensure that humans would continue to exist. Later we discover that the Builders planned that future generations would grow up with no knowledge of a world outside, so that they (would) feel no sorrow for what they have lost. The city was designed to last no longer than 220 years, at the conclusion of which the citizens of Ember were to receive instructions contained in a time-locked box held by the mayor that described how to leave the city. However, over the course of 241 years, the box has popped open and been mislaid. The people of Ember have no knowledge of what lies beyond their electric flood lamps. Most believe that Ember is the only light in a dark world. Many fear that despite their relentless recycling efforts the city of Ember is slowly dying. When the antiquated generator begins to plunge the entire city unexpectedly into blackouts, two young people begin to search for answers to the blackouts, the food shortages, and the lessoning of the town’s seemingly inexhaustible consumer supplies. Lina obtains a job as messenger and travels the town, learning the true nature of the city’s shortages and of the people’s fears. In the course of her job Lina also discovers that some powerful people are taking advantage of their positions and hoarding supplies for themselves. Doon obtains a job working as a pipeworks laborer and learns that the generator is in a decrepit condition. When Lina discovers the damaged fragments of the Builder’s document that contains instructions for leaving Ember, she and Doon decide to work together to decipher the message. Before they can share their discovery with everyone, the corrupt Mayor tries to withhold the information and destroy their hard work. Lina and Doon escape from the Mayor and the city of Ember in a small boat following the Builder’s deciphered instructions. They arrive above ground where they witness their first sunrise. In their hurry to escape, however, they neglected to pass on the exit instructions to their friends in Ember. Finding a crevasse, they crawl through and drop the instruction wrapped in Doon’s jacket to the city far below. Personal Impressions and Conclusion The story of the â€Å" City of Ember† is a mystery considerably fictional to my knowledge, living for 200 years far below underground, in which portrays some known stories written and directed even through movies. However, the story offers a little more exciting as in the plot has strategic sequencing and transition from one phase of the story to another, for that it is commendable. The characters have translated its importance as to their roles in the story. It is also good to note the simplicity of the story in depicting the characters and events in the language simple yet consistent. Meanwhile, the ending of the story seems to fail and sustain the suspense of the story. It just ended purposely leading readers thought it in series, but generally, the story is good and still commendable to be recommended for further readings.

Chucks Wagon Inc and the Experience of a HBS Student Case Study

Chucks Wagon Inc and the Experience of a HBS Student - Case Study Example The case of Chuck’s Wagon Inc describes the experience of an HBS student as he has been taken a challenge of transition from an intern to a president at Chuck’s wagon Inc. This paper aims to provide the appropriate suggestion for the organization in order to improve the performance of the organization and take the organization out of the bad situation. In order to gain this objective paper has been distributed into 4 major sections in first section Swot analysis has been conducted and on the basis of the analysis, a decision to eliminate the lowest sale products has been proposed. In the second section, two performance measurement methods have been discussed such as financial and non-financial and appropriate suggestion regarding performance measures has been made. The third section is consists of the incorporation of performance measures in balance scorecard. However, in last section activity-based costing method has been suggested to improve the operations and its benefits and appropriateness to the organization have been discussed. SWOT analysis is an important tool to realize the company’s internal weaknesses and chances that exist outside the firm to grow (Helms, & Nixon, 2010). Therefore, in order to recommend the appropriate strategic model, it is essential to analyze the organization potential and opportunities exist for the organization. On the basis of the analysis, it has been determined that the major issues that company is facing include operational complexity, credit issues, marketing and pricing issues, lack of data availability, SKU based profitability, variability in the material of the product, and operating losses. The company needs to take some strategic decision in order to extract the company from maturity stage. The approach that has been used to make the decision is â€Å"rational strategic model of decision making† this approach will allow realizing the pros and cons of each decision made (Elbanna 2009).  

Globalizations has spawned a new frontier in the fight for human Essay

Globalizations has spawned a new frontier in the fight for human rights protections - Essay Example The United States is a super power because of the fact that it imperialized and was able to control its colonies compared to its European predecessors. It is clear that globalization allowed a system of seamless integration in which trade was cultivated within countries. Although trade is beneficial, it diminishes human rights. This is vital to understand as new Empires emerged and literally obtained new identities because of this emphasis of globalization. Stearn also reemphasizes the fact that United States was in the prime position to take advantage of globalization and has made itself a dominating superpower in the 20th century because of its focus to imperialize and control its territories. Globalization is detrimental to human rights because of low wages and low capitals. In third world countries where manufacturing is conducted, children and women almost have no rights. Imagine working as a child in a non-stop unhygienic conditions to earn around $3 for a day. With the labor force ready to combat poverty in third world countries, the economical behavior of the nation has undoubtedly suffered because of the factors mentioned above. chaos as millions of poor workers were frustrated with working conditions as corruption loomed in city government. Packed in small quarters, these workers are living in a prison in essence with little chance of surviving. Individuals struggle to support households and have no funds to invest in their business. Women and children get exploited the most as they have no rights in developing countries. Moreover, the rich get richer in a pendant system where there is no paradigm of middle class. This causes issues because customers do not have p urchasing power or rights in any manner. It is clear that there has to be a plant to rectify this issue. Women and children needs rights to set hours of constant workload. The International Human Right Services is

Public Sector Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Public Sector Accounting - Assignment Example Conversely, the cash flow accounts have been adopted into company accounting in the latest decades, however, it is not called â€Å"adoption of public segment accounting.† Regardless of the significance given to cash inflow accounts, it acts only to â€Å"add-on the data in the balance sheet as well as the statement of income† (Hopwood 2000, p.24). In the debate enclosing present day’s public sector accounting restructuring, the existing philosophy intervenes an absolute changeover from â€Å"company accounting-like† techniques, by which on hand information is re-organized to produce additional financial accounts, to double-entry accounting and other company accounting techniques ‒ that is, the execution of company bookkeeping practices for public segment accounting ‒ and this transformation will necessitate significant reforms to the existing framework (Budding & Tagesson 2010, p.55-73). Bookkeeping has traditionally been split into company accounting as well as non-profit bookkeeping on the grounds of whether the monetary unit works to generate net profits. Comparisons with company bookkeeping, which has, in general, the â€Å"bookkeeping† aspect, should be drawn when debating changes of public segment accounting. One setback mentioned in the present system, nonetheless, is that such assessm ents have included nothing more than cataloging those components available in company bookkeeping but not available in public segment accounting, although the two vary in their aims. As a result, this manuscript will study the nature of public segment bookkeeping as it was and company bookkeeping as it is, and will examine the adoption of company bookkeeping practices in public segment accounting now getting underway (Handbook of national accounting: Public sector accounts 2003, p.44)

Tomb Brion Carlo Scarpa Essay Example for Free

Tomb Brion Carlo Scarpa Essay The Brion family bought the 68m2 strip of land, in the cemetery of San Vito d’Alitvole. Later when he died, this plot was extended into an L-shaped plot of land 2200 square metres. Scarpa had â€Å"found his Pyramid† after being commissioned, It took ten years to construct and in the process Scarpa drew 1200 drawings for the Tomb. (Carlo Scarpa – a Profile, 1996) POETIC ARCHITECTURE By paying close attention to detail and considering his designs from every perspective possible, Scarpa has created a tomb with magical and transporting qualities. From reading and seeing images of the architecture, it feels like Scarpa has created a living, breathing, growing form; crafted by using a continuous architectural language. Sculpted from his knowledge and experience of Italian views on life and death, Christian faith and a respect for cultural traditions of the Orient. Combined, they have come together to create a poetic masterpiece. Using his understanding of nature, human senses and materials Scarpa’s â€Å"tapestry woven from countless myths; like human memory, without beginning and without end† (Saito, 1997, p. 16) is realised. WALL The site has a 230cm wall built around the site, which slopes to a 60-degree angle, which the inner site has been raised by 70cm and covered with grass. This limits the view of the observer, taking them away from the mundane sights of the village, creating seclusion. It’s an internal space that represents the joining of the living and the dead world. This theme runs through all of Scarpa’s architecture. Ennio asked Scarpa to make one area of the wall lower; this can be found on the left-hand side of the entrance wing, this was one of only two things that the Brion family asked to have changed about the design. In an interview with Mr. Ennio Brion, the son of the Brion’s explains: â€Å"We had chosen this site because my father wanted to be buried along with his fellow towns-people and having such a high wall between them would have created too strong a separation† (Saito, 1997, p. 152). CIRCLES Circles are found all over Scarpa’s designs. The intersecting circle at the entrance wing is a thought provoking sign as you enter the space it acts as acts as an intermediate passage before entering the ‘new dimension’. The symbolism of a circle is evocative to any culture; it brings interpretations of unity, infinity and continuity, all of which relate to the site and its purpose. The circlular form is also used as ‘nodes’ at the ends of many of the axis. They work like a ‘node’ found in biology when a new leaf grows from a stem creating a transitional point. Visually, Phillip Smith from (O2 Landscapes, 2013) suggests that they present a sense of renewed or redirected sense of vitality to the audience as the energy moves through the water system. VEGETATION The vegetation has been meticulously thought out to be evocative, to flood the senses with sight and smells to trigger sensations. In contrast with the solidity of the architecture, the vegetation is there to compliment the passing of time (Lanscape Australia, 1991). He demonstrated this in minute detail through drawings, how the passing of time will change the face of the site (Saito, 1997) The project challenged him to consider the human soul, challenged him to consider how to cater for the dead and how he could keep the memories of the dead alive in their final resting place. (Saito, 1997). What has emerged is architecture as almost a living, breathing, growing personification of a world that is there, but not at the same time. LIGHT The play of light and shadow is one way in which going there allows people to capture a new experience each time. The light is said to â€Å"change every instant,† and, is at times, â€Å"shocking† (Saito, 1997, p. 19) for visitors. The key feature to this is due to the orientation of the 60m2 chapel. Turned to a 45 degree angle on the east-west axis, the orientation takes the full advantage of light coming from all sides, at any point of the day or year. Using apertures in the walls (Saito, 1997) to let the light in, Scarpa creates a world of ever-changing patterns and intensities of light within the chapel. All these qualities vary depending to season but are planned in detail. For example, the light from one of these apertures in different season causes the shadow to make one, long belt and whereas in the summer it casts a thin x-shape. What really creates the poetry however is how Scarpa take tools such as light, stone and water and through craft, brings its soul to the surface. By thinly slicing onyx and allowing the light to shine through it the soft and delicate patters are amplified by illuminating the space. The double windows located at the back of the altar extend down to floor level allow tiny particles of light enhanced by the moisture from the pool below, to dance around the altar (Saito, 1997). The pavilion is there so the souls of the dead can use it as a canopy to meditate under. (Saito, 1997). An architect would usually cater only for the human experience, Scarpa has looked beyond this, catering for the concept of a cemetery. The zigzag pattern is a dominating feature of the site, acting as a method to show the texture of the material whilst eliminating the cruder side of it, a sequence of refining. He turns it into a new material with new and different qualities. Scarpa paid particular attention into moulding the concrete into a texture resembling tree bark. The zigzags also allow light diffuse and create shadows. He uses these uneven zigzags under the pools of water. In some cases he uses hem to bring out the colours and create interplay of light and shadows and in other incidences, like by the pavilion, the zigzags create the impression that is floating on the water. (Saito, 1997) TOMBS The final resting place of the Brion family is the Tomb. The sepulchres contrast in colour creating a buoyancy effect between the black and white materials. The bases are made from Carrera marble, whereas the upper part is sculpted from slabs of dark brown granite. This effect gives a floating impression, where tilt int o another at a 22. -degree angle, symbolising inclusion and unity. The Floating effect was to be further implied by using water, akin to Scarpa’s earlier works. However, the Brion family felt it too pretentious in context. They meant for the chapel for the entire village, though in reality the dominance of Scarpa’s architectural vision has changed this. Scarpa died just after the site’s completion in 1978 and in accordance to his wishes he was buried here. He is buried in a standing up position (Mimoa, 2009). Before his death he was quoted as saying, I would like to explain the Tomb Brion. I consider this work, if you permit me, to be rather good and which will get better over time. I have tried to put some poetic imagination into it, though not in order to create poetic architecture but to make a certain kind of architecture that could emanate a sense of formal poetry. The place for the dead is a garden. I wanted to show some ways in which you could approach de ath in a social and civic way; and further what meaning there was in death, in the ephemerality of life other than these shoe-boxes. (Mimoa, 2009)

King Lear Essay - Age versus Youth; Good versus Evil; Vision and Blindness :: King Lear essays

Themes of Age versus Youth; Good versus evil; Vision and Blindness; and Fortune in King Lear "The theme of King Lear may be stated in psychological as well as biological terms. So put, it is the destructive, the ultimately suicidal character of unregulated passion, its power to carry human nature back to chaos.... The predestined end of unmastered passion is the suicide of the species. That is the gospel according to King Lear. The play is in no small measure an actual representation of that process. The murder-suicide of Regan-Goneril is an example. But it is more than a picture of chaos and impending doom. What is the remedy for chaos? it asks. What can avert the doom? The characters who have mastered their passions give us a glimpse of the answer to those questions." -Harold C. Goddard, The Meaning of Shakespeare, 1951 Good King, that must approve the common saw, Thou out of heavens benediction com'st To the warm sun Approach, thou beacon to this under globe, That by thy comfortable beams I may Peruse this letter. Nothing almost sees miracles But misery. I know 'tis from Cordelia Who hath most fortunately been informed Of my obscured course, and shall find time From this enormous state, seeking to give Losses their remedies. All weary and o'erwatched, Take vantage heavy eyes, not to behold This shameful lodging. Fortune, goodnight. Smile once more; turn thy wheel. Shakespeare's tragedy, King Lear, is often thought of as not only one of Shakespeare's best works, but also one of his best "poems". The language follows in Shakespeare's trademark format using iambic pentameter in much of the play. Shakespeare's It is well known for its many universal themes. Some of these themes are: Dealing with he folly of old age and the ingratitude of youth; Good versus evil; Nature; Vision and blindness; and Fortune. These themes have been examined for hundreds of years in many different forums, but what makes this play so unique is the fact that Shakespeare incorporates all of these issues in just one tale. One character that examines some of these issues is a character named Kent. Kent is a significant character in King Lear, as he is involved from the beginning to the end. King Lear Essay - Age versus Youth; Good versus Evil; Vision and Blindness :: King Lear essays Themes of Age versus Youth; Good versus evil; Vision and Blindness; and Fortune in King Lear "The theme of King Lear may be stated in psychological as well as biological terms. So put, it is the destructive, the ultimately suicidal character of unregulated passion, its power to carry human nature back to chaos.... The predestined end of unmastered passion is the suicide of the species. That is the gospel according to King Lear. The play is in no small measure an actual representation of that process. The murder-suicide of Regan-Goneril is an example. But it is more than a picture of chaos and impending doom. What is the remedy for chaos? it asks. What can avert the doom? The characters who have mastered their passions give us a glimpse of the answer to those questions." -Harold C. Goddard, The Meaning of Shakespeare, 1951 Good King, that must approve the common saw, Thou out of heavens benediction com'st To the warm sun Approach, thou beacon to this under globe, That by thy comfortable beams I may Peruse this letter. Nothing almost sees miracles But misery. I know 'tis from Cordelia Who hath most fortunately been informed Of my obscured course, and shall find time From this enormous state, seeking to give Losses their remedies. All weary and o'erwatched, Take vantage heavy eyes, not to behold This shameful lodging. Fortune, goodnight. Smile once more; turn thy wheel. Shakespeare's tragedy, King Lear, is often thought of as not only one of Shakespeare's best works, but also one of his best "poems". The language follows in Shakespeare's trademark format using iambic pentameter in much of the play. Shakespeare's It is well known for its many universal themes. Some of these themes are: Dealing with he folly of old age and the ingratitude of youth; Good versus evil; Nature; Vision and blindness; and Fortune. These themes have been examined for hundreds of years in many different forums, but what makes this play so unique is the fact that Shakespeare incorporates all of these issues in just one tale. One character that examines some of these issues is a character named Kent. Kent is a significant character in King Lear, as he is involved from the beginning to the end.

Abigail’s Party Essay

My group and I are working on a play called the â€Å"Birthday Party† By Harold Pinter. The work is set in 1960’s. The scene we doing is about a man, names Petey returning home from some sort of morning to job to a boarding house where his wife, who’s called Meg and is the owner, fusses around him. We start to see that this routine is very basic and a sense of this what they do every day. As the scene goes on Stanley comes in and plays quite a grumpy teenager. I play the part of Petey. At the time of this plays setting, men had more of a dominant role in society and the women didn’t work much and did more of the housework. This could mean that the male characters in plays around this time were more dominate and women did more housework and just like Meg, fussed around their husband as he was the only source of income, this could influence Meg as being fussy and concerning over Petey. The war would have been less than two decades ago so that may influence the characters in plays. Meg maybe fussing around he husband because he was a war-hero influencing her to very proud and caring of husband, or maybe Petey only has a morning job because he is slightly injured, this could influence his physical expression. This is different from the text that we have studied called Abigail’s Party because was set in the 1970’s where women had a more dominant role than in the 1950’s. The women were more out-spoken and more free to work have more social activities. In Abigail’s Party there was a lot more conflict and more fiery action between characters unlike in the Birthday Party it was Meg said a comment, which Petey may of thought was stupid, Petey just answered simply in a slow pace and showed no motivation to want to speak. In Abigail’s Party when a comment was made that one of the partners didn’t like to hear they either fought about it or gave a sarcastic comment to show their annoyance whereas in the Birthday Party I, Petey, just gave short simple unmotivated answers to a persistent and fussing Meg. The two plays showed different ways of coping with situations as throughout the scene we performed Petey showed boredom and Meg carried on being quirky, fussy and questionable, in comparison to that in Abigail’s Party they handled situations in a more sarcastic, and argumentative. The two plays are humorous on different levels. The Birthday Party is funny because of we can see Peteys clear boredom of having this conversation and routine, which we can tell is a daily thing he goes through. Megs stupid comments just to speak and engage with Petey and in cases, to know out side life, is funny to us because the questions are stupid like when he’s just got the corn flakes and she asks if they are nice and he hasn’t even tasted them. However, the two plays have similarities. Pinter and Leigh are both known for naturalism. The scene on Birthday Party I performed was very natural and realistic nothing out of the ordinary happened it was very simple and plain but it was easy to relate to which made it effective and the birthday party as too naturalistic and perhaps more modern and in the effect of couple arguing and women playing more dominate roles. However, the â€Å"Birthday Party† as it goes on turns out to be more absurd and super-natural. Both plays also have fussy and inquisitive women. Meg is very questionable to Petey and wanting to know things, Bev. Tries to keep the gathering she’s got alive and wanting people to pay attention to her likewise to Meg wanting Peteys attention. The historical and social setting is fairly similar as the man in Birthday Party does seem to have the dominant role as Meg does everything for him cooking, washing etc. Contrastingly to when Angie say’s something against Tony, like he is argumentative or won’t do something, he takes action by shouting or grabbing her hand. Angie stops and doesn’t protest showing men still had some dominant role in the 70’s. We are presenting our play as the audience in a semi-circle in one end of the studio and us performing in the other half of the circle. This allows the audience to be the third wall, which is very in the style of Pinter and Leigh. This can give the audience more of a role and part, its very soap like, which is naturalistic, just as the plays studied, are intended to be. We are using different techniques and styles of performing such as giving each character more or less just one characteristic and not changing the pace much. For example when I play Petey I kept the same tone and tired motivation to tell the audience that I’ve been doing this for a very long time. For Meg she kept her fussing and questionable ways and when Stanley comes down he was more mellow and got the attitude of I’ve got my wrapped round my little finger. We used symbolism in our play, for example my paper. When I played Petey, the paper was my only bit of something new for that day, everything else was the same predictable self but my paper, which I’m though out the scene reading or holding, gives me salivation from Meg and the predictable ways. We are keeping the style very naturalistic. This is different from the other play as the characters pace changed very much through the play. At one time they would be talking and the next minute there would be an argument to change the pace and the mood in which all the characters felt. You never felt the characters would stay for long at one place whereas Petey stayed in the chair all the time and kept his pace the same except it did change sometimes. The other text (Abigail’s party) influenced our performance by making Meg a little more dominate and persistent for Peteys attention.